Merge remote-tracking branch 'remotes/origin/lua' into pip_2

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -67,6 +67,7 @@ set(PIP_SRC_OPENCL     "lib/opencl")
 set(PIP_SRC_IO_UTILS   "lib/io_utils")
 set(PIP_SRC_CONCURRENT "lib/concurrent")
 set(PIP_SRC_CLOUD      "lib/cloud")
+set(PIP_SRC_LUA        "lib/lua")
 set(PIP_SRC_DIRS ${PIP_SRC_MAIN}
 	${PIP_SRC_CONSOLE}
 	${PIP_SRC_CRYPT}
@@ -83,6 +84,7 @@ set(LIBS_MAIN)
 set(LIBS_STATUS)
 set(HDRS)
 set(PHDRS)
+set(HDR_DIRS)
 
 if (TESTS)
 	include(DownloadGTest)
@@ -122,7 +124,6 @@ endif()
 list(APPEND HDRS "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/piversion.h")
 message(STATUS "Building PIP version ${PIP_VERSION} (${PIP_LIB_TYPE})")
 
-
 if(MINGW)
 	find_package(MinGW REQUIRED)
 	list(APPEND CMAKE_LIBRARY_PATH ${MINGW_LIB})
@@ -179,7 +180,7 @@ get_filename_component(C_COMPILER "${CMAKE_C_COMPILER}" NAME)
 # Sources
 
 # Main lib
-set(PIP_FOLDERS "." "core" "containers" "thread" "system" "io_devices" "io_utils" "console" "math" "code" "geo" "resources" "opencl" "crypt" "introspection" "concurrent" "cloud")
+set(PIP_FOLDERS "." "core" "containers" "thread" "system" "io_devices" "io_utils" "console" "math" "code" "geo" "resources" "opencl" "crypt" "introspection" "concurrent" "cloud" "lua")
 include_directories("${PIP_SRC_MAIN}")
 set(PIP_MAIN_FOLDERS)
 foreach(F ${PIP_FOLDERS})
@@ -216,6 +217,9 @@ gather_src("${PIP_CONCURRENT_TEST}" CPP_CONCURRENT_TEST HDRS PHDRS)
 # Cloud lib
 gather_src("${PIP_SRC_CLOUD}" CPP_LIB_CLOUD HDRS PHDRS)
 
+# LUA lib
+gather_src("${PIP_SRC_LUA}" CPP_LIB_LUA HDRS PHDRS)
+
 if(PIP_FREERTOS)
 	add_definitions(-DPIP_FREERTOS)
 	set(ICU OFF)
@@ -614,11 +618,35 @@ if (NOT CROSSTOOLS)
 			list(APPEND PIP_LIBS_TARGETS pip_cloud)
 		endif()
 
+		# Check Lua support
+		if(MINGW)
+			set(LUA_INCLUDE_DIR ${MINGW_INCLUDE})
+		endif()
+		find_package(Lua QUIET)
+		if (LUA_FOUND)
+			message(STATUS "Building PIP with Lua support")
+			import_version(pip_lua pip)
+			set_deploy_property(pip_lua ${PIP_LIB_TYPE}
+				LABEL "PIP Lua support"
+				FULLNAME "${_PIP_DOMAIN}.pip_lua"
+				COMPANY "${_PIP_COMPANY}"
+				INFO "Platform-Independent Primitives")
+			make_rc(pip_lua _RC)
+			add_definitions(-DPIP_LUA)
+			include_directories(${LUA_INCLUDE_DIR} ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/lib/lua/3rd)
+			list(APPEND HDR_DIRS "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/lib/lua/3rd/LuaBridge")
+			add_library(pip_lua ${PIP_LIB_TYPE} ${CPP_LIB_LUA} ${_RC})
+			target_link_libraries(pip_lua pip ${LUA_LIBRARIES})
+			list(APPEND PIP_LIBS_TARGETS pip_lua)
+		endif()
 
 		# Test program
 		if(PIP_UTILS)
 			add_executable(pip_test "main.cpp")
 			target_link_libraries(pip_test pip)
+			if (LUA_FOUND)
+				target_link_libraries(pip_test pip_lua ${LUA_LIBRARIES})
+			endif()
 		endif()
 
 	else()
@@ -650,6 +678,10 @@ if(LIB)
 		if(MINGW)
 			if (NOT CROSSTOOLS)
 				install(FILES ${HDRS} DESTINATION ${MINGW_INCLUDE}/pip)
+				install(FILES ${HDRS} DESTINATION ${MINGW_INCLUDE}/pip)
+				if(HDR_DIRS)
+					install(DIRECTORY ${HDR_DIRS} DESTINATION ${MINGW_INCLUDE}/pip)
+				endif()
 				install(TARGETS ${PIP_LIBS_TARGETS} ARCHIVE DESTINATION ${MINGW_LIB})
 			endif()
 			install(TARGETS ${PIP_LIBS_TARGETS} RUNTIME DESTINATION ${MINGW_BIN})
@@ -668,6 +700,9 @@ if(LIB)
 	else()
 		if (NOT CROSSTOOLS)
 			install(FILES ${HDRS} DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/include/pip)
+			if(HDR_DIRS)
+				install(DIRECTORY ${HDR_DIRS} DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/include/pip)
+			endif()
 		endif()
 		install(TARGETS ${PIP_LIBS_TARGETS} DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/lib)
 	endif()
@@ -683,6 +718,9 @@ else()
 			install(TARGETS ${PIP_LIBS_TARGETS} DESTINATION lib)
 		endif()
 		install(FILES ${HDRS} DESTINATION include/pip)
+		if(HDR_DIRS)
+			install(DIRECTORY ${HDR_DIRS} DESTINATION include/pip)
+		endif()
 		message(STATUS "Install ${PROJECT_NAME} to local \"bin\", \"lib\" and \"include\"")
 	endif()
 endif()

cmake/FindPIP.cmake

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ Also create imported targets:
   * PIP::IOUtils
   * PIP::Concurrent
   * PIP::Cloud
+  * PIP::Lua
 
 These targets include directories and depends on
 main library
@@ -66,6 +67,7 @@ find_library(PIP_COMPRESS_LIBRARY pip_compress${_pip_suffix} HINTS ${_PIP_LIBDIR
 find_library(PIP_IO_UTILS_LIBRARY pip_io_utils${_pip_suffix} HINTS ${_PIP_LIBDIR})
 find_library(PIP_CONCURRENT_LIBRARY pip_concurrent${_pip_suffix} HINTS ${_PIP_LIBDIR})
 find_library(PIP_CLOUD_LIBRARY pip_cloud HINTS${_pip_suffix} ${_PIP_LIBDIR})
+find_library(PIP_LUA_LIBRARY pip_lua HINTS${_pip_suffix} ${_PIP_LIBDIR})
 find_file(PIP_H_INCLUDE "pip.h" HINTS ${_PIP_INCDIR} $ENV{SMSDK_DIR}/include/pip)
 get_filename_component(PIP_INCLUDES ${PIP_H_INCLUDE} PATH)
 set(__ext "")
@@ -94,6 +96,12 @@ if("${CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME}" STREQUAL "Linux")
 		list(APPEND PIP_LIBRARY ${_PIP_ADD_LIBS_})
 	endif()
 endif()
+if(PIP_LUA_LIBRARY)
+	if(MINGW)
+		set(LUA_INCLUDE_DIR ${MINGW_INCLUDE})
+	endif()
+	find_package(Lua QUIET)
+endif()
 
 if(NOT PIP_VERSION)
 	include(CheckSymbolExists)
@@ -117,7 +125,7 @@ if(PIP_FIND_VERSION VERSION_GREATER PIP_VERSION)
 	message(FATAL_ERROR "PIP version ${PIP_VERSION} is available, but ${PIP_FIND_VERSION} requested!")
 endif()
 
-set(__modules "USB;Crypt;Console;FFTW;Compress;IOUtils;Concurrent;Cloud")
+set(__modules "USB;Crypt;Console;FFTW;Compress;IOUtils;Concurrent;Cloud;Lua")
 set(__module_USB        "${PIP_USB_LIBRARY}"       )
 set(__module_Console    "${PIP_CONSOLE_LIBRARY}"   )
 set(__module_Crypt      "${PIP_CRYPT_LIBRARY}"     )
@@ -126,6 +134,7 @@ set(__module_Compress   "${PIP_COMPRESS_LIBRARY}"  )
 set(__module_IOUtils    "${PIP_IO_UTILS_LIBRARY}"  )
 set(__module_Concurrent "${PIP_CONCURRENT_LIBRARY}")
 set(__module_Cloud      "${PIP_CLOUD_LIBRARY}"     )
+set(__module_Lua        "${PIP_LUA_LIBRARY}"       )
 if((NOT TARGET PIP) AND PIP_LIBRARY)
 	add_library(PIP UNKNOWN IMPORTED)
 	set_target_properties(PIP PROPERTIES
@@ -147,6 +156,9 @@ endif()
 if(__module_Cloud AND __module_IOUtils)
 	set_target_properties(PIP::Cloud PROPERTIES INTERFACE_LINK_LIBRARIES "PIP::IOUtils")
 endif()
+if(__module_Lua)
+	set_target_properties(PIP::Lua PROPERTIES INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES ${LUA_INCLUDE_DIR} INTERFACE_LINK_LIBRARIES "PIP" ${LUA_LIBRARIES})
+endif()
 
 include(PIPMacros)
 

lib/lua/3rd/LuaBridge/List.h

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+// https://github.com/vinniefalco/LuaBridge
+//
+// Copyright 2018, Dmitry Tarakanov
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <LuaBridge/detail/Stack.h>
+
+#include <list>
+
+namespace luabridge {
+
+template <class T>
+struct Stack <std::list <T> >
+{
+  static void push (lua_State* L, std::list <T> const& list)
+  {
+    lua_createtable (L, static_cast <int> (list.size ()), 0);
+    typename std::list <T>::const_iterator item = list.begin ();
+    for (std::size_t i = 1; i <= list.size (); ++i)
+    {
+      lua_pushinteger (L, static_cast <lua_Integer> (i));
+      Stack <T>::push (L, *item);
+      lua_settable (L, -3);
+      ++item;
+    }
+  }
+
+  static std::list <T> get (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    if (!lua_istable (L, index))
+    {
+      luaL_error (L, "#%d argument must be a table", index);
+    }
+
+    std::list <T> list;
+
+    int const absindex = lua_absindex (L, index);
+    lua_pushnil (L);
+    while (lua_next (L, absindex) != 0)
+    {
+      list.push_back (Stack <T>::get (L, -1));
+      lua_pop (L, 1);
+    }
+    return list;
+  }
+
+  static bool isInstance (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return lua_istable (L, index);
+  }
+};
+
+} // namespace luabridge

lib/lua/3rd/LuaBridge/LuaBridge.h

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/*
+  https://github.com/vinniefalco/LuaBridge
+
+  Copyright 2019, Dmitry Tarakanov
+  Copyright 2012, Vinnie Falco <vinnie.falco@gmail.com>
+  Copyright 2007, Nathan Reed
+
+  License: The MIT License (http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php)
+
+  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+  in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+  to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+  copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+  copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+  OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+  SOFTWARE.
+*/
+//==============================================================================
+
+#pragma once
+
+// All #include dependencies are listed here
+// instead of in the individual header files.
+//
+
+#define LUABRIDGE_MAJOR_VERSION 2
+#define LUABRIDGE_MINOR_VERSION 3
+#define LUABRIDGE_VERSION 203
+
+#ifndef LUA_VERSION_NUM
+#error "Lua headers must be included prior to LuaBridge ones"
+#endif
+
+
+#include <LuaBridge/detail/LuaHelpers.h>
+#include <LuaBridge/detail/TypeTraits.h>
+#include <LuaBridge/detail/TypeList.h>
+#include <LuaBridge/detail/FuncTraits.h>
+#include <LuaBridge/detail/Constructor.h>
+#include <LuaBridge/detail/ClassInfo.h>
+#include <LuaBridge/detail/LuaException.h>
+#include <LuaBridge/detail/LuaRef.h>
+#include <LuaBridge/detail/Iterator.h>
+#include <LuaBridge/detail/Userdata.h>
+#include <LuaBridge/detail/CFunctions.h>
+#include <LuaBridge/detail/Security.h>
+#include <LuaBridge/detail/Stack.h>
+#include <LuaBridge/detail/Namespace.h>

lib/lua/3rd/LuaBridge/Map.h

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+// https://github.com/vinniefalco/LuaBridge
+//
+// Copyright 2018, Dmitry Tarakanov
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <LuaBridge/detail/Stack.h>
+#include <LuaBridge/detail/dump.h>
+
+#include <map>
+
+namespace luabridge {
+
+template <class K, class V>
+struct Stack <std::map <K, V> >
+{
+  typedef std::map <K, V> Map;
+
+  static void push (lua_State* L, const Map& map)
+  {
+    lua_createtable (L, 0, static_cast <int> (map.size ()));
+    typedef typename Map::const_iterator ConstIter;
+    for (ConstIter i = map.begin (); i != map.end (); ++i)
+    {
+      Stack <K>::push (L, i->first);
+      Stack <V>::push (L, i->second);
+      lua_settable (L, -3);
+    }
+  }
+
+  static Map get (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    if (!lua_istable (L, index))
+    {
+      luaL_error (L, "#%d argument must be a table", index);
+    }
+
+    Map map;
+    int const absindex = lua_absindex (L, index);
+    lua_pushnil (L);
+    while (lua_next (L, absindex) != 0)
+    {
+      map.emplace (Stack <K>::get (L, -2), Stack <V>::get (L, -1));
+      lua_pop (L, 1);
+    }
+    return map;
+  }
+
+  static bool isInstance (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return lua_istable (L, index);
+  }
+};
+
+} // namespace luabridge

lib/lua/3rd/LuaBridge/RefCountedObject.h

@@ -0,0 +1,356 @@
+//==============================================================================
+/*
+  https://github.com/vinniefalco/LuaBridge
+
+  Copyright 2012, Vinnie Falco <vinnie.falco@gmail.com>
+  Copyright 2004-11 by Raw Material Software Ltd.
+
+  This is a derivative work used by permission from part of
+  JUCE, available at http://www.rawaterialsoftware.com
+
+  License: The MIT License (http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php)
+
+  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+  in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+  to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+  copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+  copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+  OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+  SOFTWARE.
+
+  This file incorporates work covered by the following copyright and
+  permission notice:  
+
+    This file is part of the JUCE library - "Jules' Utility Class Extensions"
+    Copyright 2004-11 by Raw Material Software Ltd.
+*/
+//==============================================================================
+
+#pragma once
+
+//#define LUABRIDGE_COMPILER_SUPPORTS_MOVE_SEMANTICS 1
+
+#include <LuaBridge/detail/TypeTraits.h>
+
+#include <cassert>
+
+namespace luabridge {
+
+//==============================================================================
+/**
+  Adds reference-counting to an object.
+
+  To add reference-counting to a class, derive it from this class, and
+  use the RefCountedObjectPtr class to point to it.
+
+  e.g. @code
+  class MyClass : public RefCountedObjectType
+  {
+      void foo();
+
+      // This is a neat way of declaring a typedef for a pointer class,
+      // rather than typing out the full templated name each time..
+      typedef RefCountedObjectPtr<MyClass> Ptr;
+  };
+
+  MyClass::Ptr p = new MyClass();
+  MyClass::Ptr p2 = p;
+  p = 0;
+  p2->foo();
+  @endcode
+
+  Once a new RefCountedObjectType has been assigned to a pointer, be
+  careful not to delete the object manually.
+*/
+template <class CounterType>
+class RefCountedObjectType
+{
+public:
+  //==============================================================================
+  /** Increments the object's reference count.
+
+      This is done automatically by the smart pointer, but is public just
+      in case it's needed for nefarious purposes.
+  */
+  inline void incReferenceCount() const
+  {
+    ++refCount;
+  }
+
+  /** Decreases the object's reference count.
+
+      If the count gets to zero, the object will be deleted.
+  */
+  inline void decReferenceCount() const
+  {
+    assert (getReferenceCount() > 0);
+
+    if (--refCount == 0)
+      delete this;
+  }
+
+  /** Returns the object's current reference count. */
+  inline int getReferenceCount() const
+  {
+    return static_cast <int> (refCount);
+  }
+
+protected:
+  //==============================================================================
+  /** Creates the reference-counted object (with an initial ref count of zero). */
+  RefCountedObjectType() : refCount ()
+  {
+  }
+
+  /** Destructor. */
+  virtual ~RefCountedObjectType()
+  {
+    // it's dangerous to delete an object that's still referenced by something else!
+    assert (getReferenceCount() == 0);
+  }
+
+private:
+  //==============================================================================
+  CounterType mutable refCount;
+};
+
+//==============================================================================
+
+/** Non thread-safe reference counted object.
+
+    This creates a RefCountedObjectType that uses a non-atomic integer
+    as the counter.
+*/
+typedef RefCountedObjectType <int> RefCountedObject;
+
+//==============================================================================
+/**
+    A smart-pointer class which points to a reference-counted object.
+
+    The template parameter specifies the class of the object you want to point
+    to - the easiest way to make a class reference-countable is to simply make
+    it inherit from RefCountedObjectType, but if you need to, you could roll
+    your own reference-countable class by implementing a pair of methods called
+    incReferenceCount() and decReferenceCount().
+
+    When using this class, you'll probably want to create a typedef to
+    abbreviate the full templated name - e.g.
+
+    @code
+    
+    typedef RefCountedObjectPtr <MyClass> MyClassPtr;
+    
+    @endcode
+*/
+template <class ReferenceCountedObjectClass>
+class RefCountedObjectPtr
+{
+public:
+  /** The class being referenced by this pointer. */
+  typedef ReferenceCountedObjectClass ReferencedType;
+
+  //==============================================================================
+  /** Creates a pointer to a null object. */
+  inline RefCountedObjectPtr() : referencedObject (0)
+  {
+  }
+
+  /** Creates a pointer to an object.
+
+      This will increment the object's reference-count if it is non-null.
+  */
+  inline RefCountedObjectPtr (ReferenceCountedObjectClass* const refCountedObject)
+      : referencedObject (refCountedObject)
+  {
+    if (refCountedObject != 0)
+        refCountedObject->incReferenceCount();
+  }
+
+  /** Copies another pointer.
+      This will increment the object's reference-count (if it is non-null).
+  */
+  inline RefCountedObjectPtr (const RefCountedObjectPtr& other)
+      : referencedObject (other.referencedObject)
+  {
+    if (referencedObject != 0)
+        referencedObject->incReferenceCount();
+  }
+
+#if LUABRIDGE_COMPILER_SUPPORTS_MOVE_SEMANTICS
+  /** Takes-over the object from another pointer. */
+  inline RefCountedObjectPtr (RefCountedObjectPtr&& other)
+      : referencedObject (other.referencedObject)
+  {
+    other.referencedObject = 0;
+  }
+#endif
+
+  /** Copies another pointer.
+      This will increment the object's reference-count (if it is non-null).
+  */
+  template <class DerivedClass>
+  inline RefCountedObjectPtr (const RefCountedObjectPtr<DerivedClass>& other)
+      : referencedObject (static_cast <ReferenceCountedObjectClass*> (other.getObject()))
+  {
+    if (referencedObject != 0)
+      referencedObject->incReferenceCount();
+  }
+
+  /** Changes this pointer to point at a different object.
+
+      The reference count of the old object is decremented, and it might be
+      deleted if it hits zero. The new object's count is incremented.
+  */
+  RefCountedObjectPtr& operator= (const RefCountedObjectPtr& other)
+  {
+    return operator= (other.referencedObject);
+  }
+
+  /** Changes this pointer to point at a different object.
+
+      The reference count of the old object is decremented, and it might be
+      deleted if it hits zero. The new object's count is incremented.
+  */
+  template <class DerivedClass>
+  RefCountedObjectPtr& operator= (const RefCountedObjectPtr<DerivedClass>& other)
+  {
+    return operator= (static_cast <ReferenceCountedObjectClass*> (other.getObject()));
+  }
+
+#if LUABRIDGE_COMPILER_SUPPORTS_MOVE_SEMANTICS
+  /** Takes-over the object from another pointer. */
+  RefCountedObjectPtr& operator= (RefCountedObjectPtr&& other)
+  {
+    std::swap (referencedObject, other.referencedObject);
+    return *this;
+  }
+#endif
+
+  /** Changes this pointer to point at a different object.
+
+      The reference count of the old object is decremented, and it might be
+      deleted if it hits zero. The new object's count is incremented.
+  */
+  RefCountedObjectPtr& operator= (ReferenceCountedObjectClass* const newObject)
+  {
+    if (referencedObject != newObject)
+    {
+      if (newObject != 0)
+        newObject->incReferenceCount();
+
+      ReferenceCountedObjectClass* const oldObject = referencedObject;
+      referencedObject = newObject;
+
+      if (oldObject != 0)
+        oldObject->decReferenceCount();
+    }
+
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  /** Destructor.
+
+      This will decrement the object's reference-count, and may delete it if it
+      gets to zero.
+  */
+  inline ~RefCountedObjectPtr()
+  {
+    if (referencedObject != 0)
+      referencedObject->decReferenceCount();
+  }
+
+  /** Returns the object that this pointer references.
+      The pointer returned may be zero, of course.
+  */
+  inline operator ReferenceCountedObjectClass*() const
+  {
+    return referencedObject;
+  }
+
+  // the -> operator is called on the referenced object
+  inline ReferenceCountedObjectClass* operator->() const
+  {
+    return referencedObject;
+  }
+
+  /** Returns the object that this pointer references.
+      The pointer returned may be zero, of course.
+  */
+  inline ReferenceCountedObjectClass* getObject() const
+  {
+    return referencedObject;
+  }
+
+private:
+  //==============================================================================
+  ReferenceCountedObjectClass* referencedObject;
+};
+
+/** Compares two ReferenceCountedObjectPointers. */
+template <class ReferenceCountedObjectClass>
+bool operator== (const RefCountedObjectPtr<ReferenceCountedObjectClass>& object1, ReferenceCountedObjectClass* const object2)
+{
+    return object1.getObject() == object2;
+}
+
+/** Compares two ReferenceCountedObjectPointers. */
+template <class ReferenceCountedObjectClass>
+bool operator== (const RefCountedObjectPtr<ReferenceCountedObjectClass>& object1, const RefCountedObjectPtr<ReferenceCountedObjectClass>& object2)
+{
+    return object1.getObject() == object2.getObject();
+}
+
+/** Compares two ReferenceCountedObjectPointers. */
+template <class ReferenceCountedObjectClass>
+bool operator== (ReferenceCountedObjectClass* object1, RefCountedObjectPtr<ReferenceCountedObjectClass>& object2)
+{
+    return object1 == object2.getObject();
+}
+
+/** Compares two ReferenceCountedObjectPointers. */
+template <class ReferenceCountedObjectClass>
+bool operator!= (const RefCountedObjectPtr<ReferenceCountedObjectClass>& object1, const ReferenceCountedObjectClass* object2)
+{
+    return object1.getObject() != object2;
+}
+
+/** Compares two ReferenceCountedObjectPointers. */
+template <class ReferenceCountedObjectClass>
+bool operator!= (const RefCountedObjectPtr<ReferenceCountedObjectClass>& object1, RefCountedObjectPtr<ReferenceCountedObjectClass>& object2)
+{
+    return object1.getObject() != object2.getObject();
+}
+
+/** Compares two ReferenceCountedObjectPointers. */
+template <class ReferenceCountedObjectClass>
+bool operator!= (ReferenceCountedObjectClass* object1, RefCountedObjectPtr<ReferenceCountedObjectClass>& object2)
+{
+    return object1 != object2.getObject();
+}
+
+//==============================================================================
+
+template <class T>
+struct ContainerTraits <RefCountedObjectPtr <T> >
+{
+  typedef T Type;
+
+  static T* get (RefCountedObjectPtr <T> const& c)
+  {
+    return c.getObject ();
+  }
+};
+
+//==============================================================================
+
+} // namespace luabridge

lib/lua/3rd/LuaBridge/RefCountedPtr.h

@@ -0,0 +1,244 @@
+//==============================================================================
+/*
+  https://github.com/vinniefalco/LuaBridge
+  
+  Copyright 2019, Dmitry Tarakanov
+  Copyright 2012, Vinnie Falco <vinnie.falco@gmail.com>
+  Copyright 2007, Nathan Reed
+
+  License: The MIT License (http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php)
+
+  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+  in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+  to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+  copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+  copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+  OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+  SOFTWARE.
+*/
+//==============================================================================
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include "RefCountedObject.h"
+
+namespace luabridge {
+
+//==============================================================================
+/**
+  Support for our RefCountedPtr.
+*/
+struct RefCountedPtrBase
+{
+  // Declaration of container for the refcounts
+  typedef std::unordered_map <const void *, int> RefCountsType;
+
+protected:
+  RefCountsType& getRefCounts () const
+  {
+    static RefCountsType refcounts;
+    return refcounts ;
+  }
+};
+
+//==============================================================================
+/**
+  A reference counted smart pointer.
+
+  The api is compatible with boost::RefCountedPtr and std::RefCountedPtr, in the
+  sense that it implements a strict subset of the functionality.
+
+  This implementation uses a hash table to look up the reference count
+  associated with a particular pointer.
+
+  @tparam T The class type.
+
+  @todo Decompose RefCountedPtr using a policy. At a minimum, the underlying
+        reference count should be policy based (to support atomic operations)
+        and the delete behavior should be policy based (to support custom
+        disposal methods).
+
+  @todo Provide an intrusive version of RefCountedPtr.
+*/
+template <class T>
+class RefCountedPtr : private RefCountedPtrBase
+{
+public:
+  template <typename Other>
+  struct rebind
+  {
+    typedef RefCountedPtr <Other> other;
+  };
+
+  /** Construct as nullptr or from existing pointer to T.
+
+      @param p The optional, existing pointer to assign from.
+  */
+  RefCountedPtr (T* p = 0) : m_p (p)
+  {
+    ++getRefCounts () [m_p];
+  }
+
+  /** Construct from another RefCountedPtr.
+
+      @param rhs The RefCountedPtr to assign from.
+  */
+  RefCountedPtr (RefCountedPtr <T> const& rhs) : m_p (rhs.get())
+  {
+    ++getRefCounts () [m_p];
+  }
+
+  /** Construct from a RefCountedPtr of a different type.
+
+      @invariant A pointer to U must be convertible to a pointer to T.
+
+      @param  rhs The RefCountedPtr to assign from.
+      @tparam U   The other object type.
+  */
+  template <typename U>
+  RefCountedPtr (RefCountedPtr <U> const& rhs) : m_p (static_cast <T*> (rhs.get()))
+  {
+    ++getRefCounts () [m_p];
+  }
+
+  /** Release the object.
+
+      If there are no more references then the object is deleted.
+  */
+  ~RefCountedPtr ()
+  {
+    reset();
+  }
+
+  /** Assign from another RefCountedPtr.
+
+      @param  rhs The RefCountedPtr to assign from.
+      @return     A reference to the RefCountedPtr.
+  */
+  RefCountedPtr <T>& operator= (RefCountedPtr <T> const& rhs)
+  {
+    if (m_p != rhs.m_p)
+    {
+      reset ();
+      m_p = rhs.m_p;
+      ++getRefCounts () [m_p];
+    }
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  /** Assign from another RefCountedPtr of a different type.
+
+      @note A pointer to U must be convertible to a pointer to T.
+
+      @tparam U   The other object type.
+      @param  rhs The other RefCountedPtr to assign from.
+      @return     A reference to the RefCountedPtr.
+  */
+  template <typename U>
+  RefCountedPtr <T>& operator= (RefCountedPtr <U> const& rhs)
+  {
+    reset ();
+    m_p = static_cast <T*> (rhs.get());
+    ++getRefCounts () [m_p];
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  /** Retrieve the raw pointer.
+
+      @return A pointer to the object.
+  */
+  T* get () const
+  {
+    return m_p;
+  }
+
+  /** Retrieve the raw pointer.
+
+      @return A pointer to the object.
+  */
+  T* operator* () const
+  {
+    return m_p;
+  }
+
+  /** Retrieve the raw pointer.
+
+      @return A pointer to the object.
+  */
+  T* operator-> () const
+  {
+    return m_p;
+  }
+
+  /** Determine the number of references.
+
+      @note This is not thread-safe.
+
+      @return The number of active references.
+  */
+  long use_count () const
+  {
+    return getRefCounts () [m_p];
+  }
+
+  /** Release the pointer.
+
+      The reference count is decremented. If the reference count reaches
+      zero, the object is deleted.
+  */
+  void reset ()
+  {
+    if (m_p != 0)
+    {
+      if (--getRefCounts () [m_p] <= 0)
+        delete m_p;
+
+      m_p = 0;
+    }
+  }
+
+private:
+  T* m_p;
+};
+
+template <class T>
+bool operator== (const RefCountedPtr <T>& lhs, const RefCountedPtr <T>& rhs)
+{
+  return lhs.get () == rhs.get ();
+}
+
+template <class T>
+bool operator!= (const RefCountedPtr <T>& lhs, const RefCountedPtr <T>& rhs)
+{
+  return lhs.get() != rhs.get();
+}
+
+//==============================================================================
+
+// forward declaration
+template <class T>
+struct ContainerTraits;
+
+template <class T>
+struct ContainerTraits <RefCountedPtr <T> >
+{
+  typedef T Type;
+
+  static T* get (RefCountedPtr <T> const& c)
+  {
+    return c.get ();
+  }
+};
+
+} // namespace luabridge

lib/lua/3rd/LuaBridge/UnorderedMap.h

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+// https://github.com/vinniefalco/LuaBridge
+//
+// Copyright 2019, Dmitry Tarakanov
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <LuaBridge/detail/Stack.h>
+
+#include <unordered_map>
+
+namespace luabridge {
+
+template <class K, class V>
+struct Stack <std::unordered_map <K, V>>
+{
+  typedef std::unordered_map <K, V> Map;
+
+  static void push (lua_State* L, const Map& map)
+  {
+    lua_createtable (L, 0, static_cast <int> (map.size ()));
+    typedef typename Map::const_iterator ConstIter;
+    for (ConstIter i = map.begin (); i != map.end (); ++i)
+    {
+      Stack <K>::push (L, i->first);
+      Stack <V>::push (L, i->second);
+      lua_settable (L, -3);
+    }
+  }
+
+  static Map get (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    if (!lua_istable (L, index))
+    {
+      luaL_error (L, "#%d argument must be a table", index);
+    }
+
+    Map map;
+    int const absindex = lua_absindex (L, index);
+    lua_pushnil (L);
+    while (lua_next (L, absindex) != 0)
+    {
+      map.emplace (Stack <K>::get (L, -2), Stack <V>::get (L, -1));
+      lua_pop (L, 1);
+    }
+    return map;
+  }
+
+  static bool isInstance (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return lua_istable (L, index);
+  }
+};
+
+} // namespace luabridge

lib/lua/3rd/LuaBridge/Vector.h

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+// https://github.com/vinniefalco/LuaBridge
+//
+// Copyright 2018, Dmitry Tarakanov
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <LuaBridge/detail/Stack.h>
+
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace luabridge {
+
+template <class T>
+struct Stack <std::vector <T> >
+{
+  static void push (lua_State* L, std::vector <T> const& vector)
+  {
+    lua_createtable (L, static_cast <int> (vector.size ()), 0);
+    for (std::size_t i = 0; i < vector.size (); ++i)
+    {
+      lua_pushinteger (L, static_cast <lua_Integer> (i + 1));
+      Stack <T>::push (L, vector [i]);
+      lua_settable (L, -3);
+    }
+  }
+
+  static std::vector <T> get (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    if (!lua_istable (L, index))
+    {
+      luaL_error (L, "#%d argument must be a table", index);
+    }
+
+    std::vector <T> vector;
+    vector.reserve (static_cast <std::size_t> (get_length (L, index)));
+
+    int const absindex = lua_absindex (L, index);
+    lua_pushnil (L);
+    while (lua_next (L, absindex) != 0)
+    {
+      vector.push_back (Stack <T>::get (L, -1));
+      lua_pop (L, 1);
+    }
+    return vector;
+  }
+
+  static bool isInstance (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return lua_istable (L, index);
+  }
+};
+
+} // namespace luabridge

lib/lua/3rd/LuaBridge/detail/CFunctions.h

@@ -0,0 +1,495 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/*
+  https://github.com/vinniefalco/LuaBridge
+
+  Copyright 2019, Dmitry Tarakanov
+  Copyright 2012, Vinnie Falco <vinnie.falco@gmail.com>
+
+  License: The MIT License (http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php)
+
+  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+  in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+  to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+  copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+  copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+  OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+  SOFTWARE.
+*/
+//==============================================================================
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <LuaBridge/detail/Config.h>
+#include <LuaBridge/detail/FuncTraits.h>
+
+#include <string>
+
+namespace luabridge {
+
+// We use a structure so we can define everything in the header.
+//
+struct CFunc
+{
+  static void addGetter (lua_State* L, const char* name, int tableIndex)
+  {
+    assert (lua_istable (L, tableIndex));
+    assert (lua_iscfunction (L, -1)); // Stack: getter
+
+    lua_rawgetp (L, tableIndex, getPropgetKey ()); // Stack: getter, propget table (pg)
+    lua_pushvalue (L, -2); // Stack: getter, pg, getter
+    rawsetfield (L, -2, name); // Stack: getter, pg
+    lua_pop (L, 2); // Stack: -
+  }
+
+  static void addSetter (lua_State* L, const char* name, int tableIndex)
+  {
+    assert (lua_istable (L, tableIndex));
+    assert (lua_iscfunction (L, -1)); // Stack: setter
+
+    lua_rawgetp (L, tableIndex, getPropsetKey ()); // Stack: setter, propset table (ps)
+    lua_pushvalue (L, -2); // Stack: setter, ps, setter
+    rawsetfield (L, -2, name); // Stack: setter, ps
+    lua_pop (L, 2); // Stack: -
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      __index metamethod for a namespace or class static and non-static members.
+      Retrieves functions from metatables and properties from propget tables.
+      Looks through the class hierarchy if inheritance is present.
+  */
+  static int indexMetaMethod (lua_State* L)
+  {
+    assert (lua_istable (L, 1) || lua_isuserdata (L, 1)); // Stack (further not shown): table | userdata, name
+
+    lua_getmetatable (L, 1); // Stack: class/const table (mt)
+    assert (lua_istable (L, -1));
+
+    for (;;)
+    {
+      lua_pushvalue (L, 2); // Stack: mt, field name
+      lua_rawget (L, -2);  // Stack: mt, field | nil
+
+      if (lua_iscfunction (L, -1)) // Stack: mt, field
+      {
+        lua_remove (L, -2);  // Stack: field
+        return 1;
+      }
+
+      assert (lua_isnil (L, -1)); // Stack: mt, nil
+      lua_pop (L, 1); // Stack: mt
+
+      lua_rawgetp (L, -1, getPropgetKey ()); // Stack: mt, propget table (pg)
+      assert (lua_istable (L, -1));
+
+      lua_pushvalue (L, 2); // Stack: mt, pg, field name
+      lua_rawget (L, -2);  // Stack: mt, pg, getter | nil
+      lua_remove (L, -2); // Stack: mt, getter | nil
+
+      if (lua_iscfunction (L, -1)) // Stack: mt, getter
+      {
+        lua_remove (L, -2);  // Stack: getter
+        lua_pushvalue (L, 1); // Stack: getter, table | userdata
+        lua_call (L, 1, 1); // Stack: value
+        return 1;
+      }
+
+      assert (lua_isnil (L, -1)); // Stack: mt, nil
+      lua_pop (L, 1); // Stack: mt
+
+      // It may mean that the field may be in const table and it's constness violation.
+      // Don't check that, just return nil
+
+      // Repeat the lookup in the parent metafield,
+      // or return nil if the field doesn't exist.
+      lua_rawgetp (L, -1, getParentKey ()); // Stack: mt, parent mt | nil
+
+      if (lua_isnil (L, -1)) // Stack: mt, nil
+      {
+        lua_remove (L, -2); // Stack: nil
+        return 1;
+      }
+
+      // Removethe  metatable and repeat the search in the parent one.
+      assert (lua_istable (L, -1)); // Stack: mt, parent mt
+      lua_remove (L, -2); // Stack: parent mt
+    }
+
+    // no return
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      __newindex metamethod for namespace or class static members.
+      Retrieves properties from propset tables.
+  */
+  static int newindexStaticMetaMethod (lua_State* L)
+  {
+    return newindexMetaMethod (L, false);
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      __newindex metamethod for non-static members.
+      Retrieves properties from propset tables.
+  */
+  static int newindexObjectMetaMethod (lua_State* L)
+  {
+    return newindexMetaMethod (L, true);
+  }
+
+  static int newindexMetaMethod (lua_State* L, bool pushSelf)
+  {
+    assert (lua_istable (L, 1) || lua_isuserdata (L, 1)); // Stack (further not shown): table | userdata, name, new value
+
+    lua_getmetatable (L, 1); // Stack: metatable (mt)
+    assert (lua_istable (L, -1));
+
+    for (;;)
+    {
+      lua_rawgetp (L, -1, getPropsetKey ()); // Stack: mt, propset table (ps) | nil
+
+      if (lua_isnil (L, -1)) // Stack: mt, nil
+      {
+        lua_pop (L, 2); // Stack: -
+        return luaL_error (L, "No member named '%s'", lua_tostring (L, 2));
+      }
+
+      assert (lua_istable (L, -1));
+
+      lua_pushvalue (L, 2); // Stack: mt, ps, field name
+      lua_rawget (L, -2); // Stack: mt, ps, setter | nil
+      lua_remove (L, -2); // Stack: mt, setter | nil
+
+      if (lua_iscfunction (L, -1)) // Stack: mt, setter
+      {
+        lua_remove (L, -2); // Stack: setter
+        if (pushSelf)
+        {
+          lua_pushvalue (L, 1); // Stack: setter, table | userdata
+        }
+        lua_pushvalue (L, 3); // Stack: setter, table | userdata, new value
+        lua_call (L, pushSelf ? 2 : 1, 0); // Stack: -
+        return 0;
+      }
+
+      assert (lua_isnil (L, -1)); // Stack: mt, nil
+      lua_pop (L, 1); // Stack: mt
+
+      lua_rawgetp (L, -1, getParentKey ()); // Stack: mt, parent mt | nil
+
+      if (lua_isnil (L, -1)) // Stack: mt, nil
+      {
+        lua_pop (L, 1); // Stack: -
+        return luaL_error (L, "No writable member '%s'", lua_tostring (L, 2));
+      }
+
+      assert (lua_istable (L, -1)); // Stack: mt, parent mt
+      lua_remove (L, -2); // Stack: parent mt
+      // Repeat the search in the parent
+    }
+
+    // no return
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      lua_CFunction to report an error writing to a read-only value.
+
+      The name of the variable is in the first upvalue.
+  */
+  static int readOnlyError (lua_State* L)
+  {
+    std::string s;
+
+    s = s + "'" + lua_tostring (L, lua_upvalueindex (1)) + "' is read-only";
+
+    return luaL_error (L, s.c_str ());
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      lua_CFunction to get a variable.
+
+      This is used for global variables or class static data members.
+
+      The pointer to the data is in the first upvalue.
+  */
+  template <class T>
+  static int getVariable (lua_State* L)
+  {
+    assert (lua_islightuserdata (L, lua_upvalueindex (1)));
+    T const* ptr = static_cast <T const*> (lua_touserdata (L, lua_upvalueindex (1)));
+    assert (ptr != 0);
+    Stack <T>::push (L, *ptr);
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      lua_CFunction to set a variable.
+
+      This is used for global variables or class static data members.
+
+      The pointer to the data is in the first upvalue.
+  */
+  template <class T>
+  static int setVariable (lua_State* L)
+  {
+    assert (lua_islightuserdata (L, lua_upvalueindex (1)));
+    T* ptr = static_cast <T*> (lua_touserdata (L, lua_upvalueindex (1)));
+    assert (ptr != 0);
+    *ptr = Stack <T>::get (L, 1);
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      lua_CFunction to call a function with a return value.
+
+      This is used for global functions, global properties, class static methods,
+      and class static properties.
+
+      The function pointer (lightuserdata) in the first upvalue.
+  */
+  template <class FnPtr>
+  struct Call
+  {
+    typedef typename FuncTraits <FnPtr>::Params Params;
+    typedef typename FuncTraits <FnPtr>::ReturnType ReturnType;
+
+    static int f (lua_State* L)
+    {
+      assert (lua_islightuserdata (L, lua_upvalueindex (1)));
+      FnPtr fnptr = reinterpret_cast <FnPtr> (lua_touserdata (L, lua_upvalueindex (1)));
+      assert (fnptr != 0);
+      return Invoke <ReturnType, Params, 1>::run (L, fnptr);
+    }
+  };
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      lua_CFunction to call a class member function with a return value.
+
+      The member function pointer is in the first upvalue.
+      The class userdata object is at the top of the Lua stack.
+  */
+  template <class MemFnPtr>
+  struct CallMember
+  {
+    typedef typename FuncTraits <MemFnPtr>::ClassType T;
+    typedef typename FuncTraits <MemFnPtr>::Params Params;
+    typedef typename FuncTraits <MemFnPtr>::ReturnType ReturnType;
+
+    static int f (lua_State* L)
+    {
+      assert (isfulluserdata (L, lua_upvalueindex (1)));
+      T* const t = Userdata::get <T> (L, 1, false);
+      MemFnPtr const& fnptr = *static_cast <MemFnPtr const*> (lua_touserdata (L, lua_upvalueindex (1)));
+      assert (fnptr != 0);
+      return Invoke <ReturnType, Params, 2>::run (L, t, fnptr);
+    }
+  };
+
+  template <class MemFnPtr>
+  struct CallConstMember
+  {
+    typedef typename FuncTraits <MemFnPtr>::ClassType T;
+    typedef typename FuncTraits <MemFnPtr>::Params Params;
+    typedef typename FuncTraits <MemFnPtr>::ReturnType ReturnType;
+
+    static int f (lua_State* L)
+    {
+      assert (isfulluserdata (L, lua_upvalueindex (1)));
+      T const* const t = Userdata::get <T> (L, 1, true);
+      MemFnPtr const& fnptr = *static_cast <MemFnPtr const*> (lua_touserdata (L, lua_upvalueindex (1)));
+      assert (fnptr != 0);
+      return Invoke <ReturnType, Params, 2>::run (L, t, fnptr);
+    }
+  };
+
+  //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      lua_CFunction to call a class member lua_CFunction.
+
+      The member function pointer is in the first upvalue.
+      The object userdata ('this') value is at top ot the Lua stack.
+  */
+  template <class T>
+  struct CallMemberCFunction
+  {
+    static int f (lua_State* L)
+    {
+      assert (isfulluserdata (L, lua_upvalueindex (1)));
+      typedef int (T::*MFP) (lua_State* L);
+      T* const t = Userdata::get <T> (L, 1, false);
+      MFP const& fnptr = *static_cast <MFP const*> (lua_touserdata (L, lua_upvalueindex (1)));
+      assert (fnptr != 0);
+      return (t->*fnptr) (L);
+    }
+  };
+
+  template <class T>
+  struct CallConstMemberCFunction
+  {
+    static int f (lua_State* L)
+    {
+      assert (isfulluserdata (L, lua_upvalueindex (1)));
+      typedef int (T::*MFP) (lua_State* L);
+      T const* const t = Userdata::get <T> (L, 1, true);
+      MFP const& fnptr = *static_cast <MFP const*> (lua_touserdata (L, lua_upvalueindex (1)));
+      assert (fnptr != 0);
+      return (t->*fnptr) (L);
+    }
+  };
+
+#ifdef LUABRIDGE_CXX11
+
+  //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      lua_CFunction to call on a object.
+
+      The proxy function pointer (lightuserdata) is in the first upvalue.
+      The class userdata object is at the top of the Lua stack.
+  */
+  template <class FnPtr>
+  struct CallProxyFunction
+  {
+    using Params = typename FuncTraits <FnPtr>::Params;
+    using ReturnType = typename FuncTraits <FnPtr>::ReturnType;
+
+    static int f (lua_State* L)
+    {
+      assert (lua_islightuserdata (L, lua_upvalueindex (1)));
+      auto fnptr = reinterpret_cast <FnPtr> (lua_touserdata (L, lua_upvalueindex (1)));
+      assert (fnptr != 0);
+      return Invoke <ReturnType, Params, 1>::run (L, fnptr);
+    }
+  };
+
+  template <class Functor>
+  struct CallProxyFunctor
+  {
+    using Params = typename FuncTraits <Functor>::Params;
+    using ReturnType = typename FuncTraits <Functor>::ReturnType;
+
+    static int f (lua_State* L)
+    {
+      assert (isfulluserdata (L, lua_upvalueindex (1)));
+      Functor& fn = *static_cast <Functor*> (lua_touserdata (L, lua_upvalueindex (1)));
+      return Invoke <ReturnType, Params, 1>::run (L, fn);
+    }
+  };
+
+#endif
+
+  //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+  // SFINAE Helpers
+
+  template <class MemFnPtr, bool isConst>
+  struct CallMemberFunctionHelper
+  {
+    static void add (lua_State* L, char const* name, MemFnPtr mf)
+    {
+      new (lua_newuserdata (L, sizeof (MemFnPtr))) MemFnPtr (mf);
+      lua_pushcclosure (L, &CallConstMember <MemFnPtr>::f, 1);
+      lua_pushvalue (L, -1);
+      rawsetfield (L, -5, name); // const table
+      rawsetfield (L, -3, name); // class table
+    }
+  };
+
+  template <class MemFnPtr>
+  struct CallMemberFunctionHelper <MemFnPtr, false>
+  {
+    static void add (lua_State* L, char const* name, MemFnPtr mf)
+    {
+      new (lua_newuserdata (L, sizeof (MemFnPtr))) MemFnPtr (mf);
+      lua_pushcclosure (L, &CallMember <MemFnPtr>::f, 1);
+      rawsetfield (L, -3, name); // class table
+    }
+  };
+
+  //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      __gc metamethod for a class.
+  */
+  template <class C>
+  static int gcMetaMethod (lua_State* L)
+  {
+    Userdata* const ud = Userdata::getExact <C> (L, 1);
+    ud->~Userdata ();
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  /**
+      __gc metamethod for an arbitrary class.
+  */
+  template <class T>
+  static int gcMetaMethodAny (lua_State* L)
+  {
+    assert (isfulluserdata (L, 1));
+    T* t = static_cast <T*> (lua_touserdata (L, 1));
+    t->~T ();
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      lua_CFunction to get a class data member.
+
+      The pointer-to-member is in the first upvalue.
+      The class userdata object is at the top of the Lua stack.
+  */
+  template <class C, typename T>
+  static int getProperty (lua_State* L)
+  {
+    C* const c = Userdata::get <C> (L, 1, true);
+    T C::** mp = static_cast <T C::**> (lua_touserdata (L, lua_upvalueindex (1)));
+    try
+    {
+      Stack <T&>::push (L, c->**mp);
+    }
+    catch (const std::exception& e)
+    {
+      luaL_error (L, e.what ());
+    }
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      lua_CFunction to set a class data member.
+
+      The pointer-to-member is in the first upvalue.
+      The class userdata object is at the top of the Lua stack.
+  */
+  template <class C, typename T>
+  static int setProperty (lua_State* L)
+  {
+    C* const c = Userdata::get <C> (L, 1, false);
+    T C::** mp = static_cast <T C::**> (lua_touserdata (L, lua_upvalueindex (1)));
+    try
+    {
+      c->**mp = Stack <T>::get (L, 2);
+    }
+    catch (const std::exception& e)
+    {
+      luaL_error (L, e.what ());
+    }
+    return 0;
+  }
+};
+
+} // namespace luabridge

lib/lua/3rd/LuaBridge/detail/ClassInfo.h

@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/*
+  https://github.com/vinniefalco/LuaBridge
+  
+  Copyright 2012, Vinnie Falco <vinnie.falco@gmail.com>
+
+  License: The MIT License (http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php)
+
+  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+  in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+  to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+  copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+  copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+  OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+  SOFTWARE.
+*/
+//==============================================================================
+
+#pragma once
+
+namespace luabridge {
+
+/**
+ * A unique key for a type name in a metatable.
+ */
+inline const void* getTypeKey ()
+{
+#ifdef _NDEBUG
+  static char value;
+  return &value;
+#else
+  return reinterpret_cast <void*> (0x71);
+#endif
+}
+
+/**
+ * The key of a const table in another metatable.
+ */
+inline const void* getConstKey ()
+{
+#ifdef _NDEBUG
+  static char value;
+  return &value;
+#else
+  return reinterpret_cast <void*> (0xc07);
+#endif
+}
+
+/**
+ * The key of a class table in another metatable.
+ */
+inline const void* getClassKey ()
+{
+#ifdef _NDEBUG
+  static char value;
+  return &value;
+#else
+  return reinterpret_cast <void*> (0xc1a);
+#endif
+}
+
+/**
+ * The key of a propget table in another metatable.
+ */
+inline const void* getPropgetKey ()
+{
+#ifdef _NDEBUG
+  static char value;
+  return &value;
+#else
+  return reinterpret_cast <void*> (0x6e7);
+#endif
+}
+
+/**
+ * The key of a propset table in another metatable.
+ */
+inline const void* getPropsetKey ()
+{
+#ifdef _NDEBUG
+  static char value;
+  return &value;
+#else
+  return reinterpret_cast <void*> (0x5e7);
+#endif
+}
+
+/**
+ * The key of a static table in another metatable.
+ */
+inline const void* getStaticKey ()
+{
+#ifdef _NDEBUG
+  static char value;
+  return &value;
+#else
+  return reinterpret_cast <void*> (0x57a);
+#endif
+}
+
+/**
+ * The key of a parent table in another metatable.
+ */
+inline const void* getParentKey ()
+{
+#ifdef _NDEBUG
+  static char value;
+  return &value;
+#else
+  return reinterpret_cast <void*> (0xdad);
+#endif
+}
+
+/** Unique Lua registry keys for a class.
+
+    Each registered class inserts three keys into the registry, whose
+    values are the corresponding static, class, and const metatables. This
+    allows a quick and reliable lookup for a metatable from a template type.
+*/
+template <class T>
+class ClassInfo
+{
+public:
+  /** Get the key for the static table.
+
+      The static table holds the static data members, static properties, and
+      static member functions for a class.
+  */
+  static void const* getStaticKey ()
+  {
+    static char value;
+    return &value;
+  }
+
+  /** Get the key for the class table.
+
+      The class table holds the data members, properties, and member functions
+      of a class. Read-only data and properties, and const member functions are
+      also placed here (to save a lookup in the const table).
+  */
+  static void const* getClassKey ()
+  {
+    static char value;
+    return &value;
+  }
+
+  /** Get the key for the const table.
+
+      The const table holds read-only data members and properties, and const
+      member functions of a class.
+  */
+  static void const* getConstKey ()
+  {
+    static char value;
+    return &value;
+  }
+};
+
+} // namespace luabridge

lib/lua/3rd/LuaBridge/detail/Config.h

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+// https://github.com/vinniefalco/LuaBridge
+//
+// Copyright 2019, Dmitry Tarakanov
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+#pragma once
+
+#if !defined (LUABRIDGE_NO_CXX11) && (__cplusplus >= 201103L || (defined (_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1900))
+#define LUABRIDGE_CXX11
+#endif

lib/lua/3rd/LuaBridge/detail/Constructor.h

@@ -0,0 +1,205 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/*
+  https://github.com/vinniefalco/LuaBridge
+  
+  Copyright 2012, Vinnie Falco <vinnie.falco@gmail.com>
+  Copyright 2007, Nathan Reed
+
+  License: The MIT License (http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php)
+
+  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+  in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+  to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+  copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+  copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+  OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+  SOFTWARE.
+*/
+//==============================================================================
+
+#pragma once
+
+namespace luabridge {
+
+/*
+* Constructor generators.  These templates allow you to call operator new and
+* pass the contents of a type/value list to the Constructor.  Like the
+* function pointer containers, these are only defined up to 8 parameters.
+*/
+
+/** Constructor generators.
+
+    These templates call operator new with the contents of a type/value
+    list passed to the Constructor with up to 8 parameters. Two versions
+    of call() are provided. One performs a regular new, the other performs
+    a placement new.
+*/
+template <class T, typename List>
+struct Constructor {};
+
+template <class T>
+struct Constructor <T, None>
+{
+  static T* call (TypeListValues <None> const&)
+  {
+    return new T;
+  }
+  static T* call (void* mem, TypeListValues <None> const&)
+  {
+    return new (mem) T;
+  }
+};
+
+template <class T, class P1>
+struct Constructor <T, TypeList <P1> >
+{
+  static T* call (const TypeListValues<TypeList <P1> > &tvl)
+  {
+    return new T(tvl.hd);
+  }
+  static T* call (void* mem, const TypeListValues<TypeList <P1> > &tvl)
+  {
+    return new (mem) T(tvl.hd);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class T, class P1, class P2>
+struct Constructor <T, TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2> > >
+{
+  static T* call (const TypeListValues<TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2> > > &tvl)
+  {
+    return new T(tvl.hd, tvl.tl.hd);
+  }
+  static T* call (void* mem, const TypeListValues<TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2> > > &tvl)
+  {
+    return new (mem) T(tvl.hd, tvl.tl.hd);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class T, class P1, class P2, class P3>
+struct Constructor <T, TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2, TypeList <P3> > > >
+{
+  static T* call (const TypeListValues<TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2,
+    TypeList <P3> > > > &tvl)
+  {
+    return new T(tvl.hd, tvl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.hd);
+  }
+  static T* call (void* mem, const TypeListValues<TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2,
+    TypeList <P3> > > > &tvl)
+  {
+    return new (mem) T(tvl.hd, tvl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.hd);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class T, class P1, class P2, class P3, class P4>
+struct Constructor <T, TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2, TypeList <P3,
+  TypeList <P4> > > > >
+{
+  static T* call (const TypeListValues<TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2,
+    TypeList <P3, TypeList <P4> > > > > &tvl)
+  {
+    return new T(tvl.hd, tvl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.hd);
+  }
+  static T* call (void* mem, const TypeListValues<TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2,
+    TypeList <P3, TypeList <P4> > > > > &tvl)
+  {
+    return new (mem) T(tvl.hd, tvl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.hd);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class T, class P1, class P2, class P3, class P4,
+  class P5>
+struct Constructor <T, TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2, TypeList <P3,
+  TypeList <P4, TypeList <P5> > > > > >
+{
+  static T* call (const TypeListValues<TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2,
+    TypeList <P3, TypeList <P4, TypeList <P5> > > > > > &tvl)
+  {
+    return new T(tvl.hd, tvl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.hd,
+      tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd);
+  }
+  static T* call (void* mem, const TypeListValues<TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2,
+    TypeList <P3, TypeList <P4, TypeList <P5> > > > > > &tvl)
+  {
+    return new (mem) T(tvl.hd, tvl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.hd,
+      tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class T, class P1, class P2, class P3, class P4,
+  class P5, class P6>
+struct Constructor <T, TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2, TypeList <P3,
+  TypeList <P4, TypeList <P5, TypeList <P6> > > > > > >
+{
+  static T* call (const TypeListValues<TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2,
+    TypeList <P3, TypeList <P4, TypeList <P5, TypeList <P6> > > > > > > &tvl)
+  {
+    return new T(tvl.hd, tvl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.hd,
+      tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd);
+  }
+  static T* call (void* mem, const TypeListValues<TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2,
+    TypeList <P3, TypeList <P4, TypeList <P5, TypeList <P6> > > > > > > &tvl)
+  {
+    return new (mem) T(tvl.hd, tvl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.hd,
+      tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class T, class P1, class P2, class P3, class P4,
+  class P5, class P6, class P7>
+struct Constructor <T, TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2, TypeList <P3,
+  TypeList <P4, TypeList <P5, TypeList <P6, TypeList <P7> > > > > > > >
+{
+  static T* call (const TypeListValues<TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2,
+    TypeList <P3, TypeList <P4, TypeList <P5, TypeList <P6,
+    TypeList <P7> > > > > > > > &tvl)
+  {
+    return new T(tvl.hd, tvl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.hd,
+      tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd,
+      tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd);
+  }
+  static T* call (void* mem, const TypeListValues<TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2,
+    TypeList <P3, TypeList <P4, TypeList <P5, TypeList <P6,
+    TypeList <P7> > > > > > > > &tvl)
+  {
+    return new (mem) T(tvl.hd, tvl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.hd,
+      tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd,
+      tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class T, class P1, class P2, class P3, class P4,
+  class P5, class P6, class P7, class P8>
+struct Constructor <T, TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2, TypeList <P3,
+  TypeList <P4, TypeList <P5, TypeList <P6, TypeList <P7, 
+  TypeList <P8> > > > > > > > >
+{
+  static T* call (const TypeListValues<TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2,
+    TypeList <P3, TypeList <P4, TypeList <P5, TypeList <P6,
+    TypeList <P7, TypeList <P8> > > > > > > > > &tvl)
+  {
+    return new T(tvl.hd, tvl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.hd,
+      tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd,
+      tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd);
+  }
+  static T* call (void* mem, const TypeListValues<TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2,
+    TypeList <P3, TypeList <P4, TypeList <P5, TypeList <P6,
+    TypeList <P7, TypeList <P8> > > > > > > > > &tvl)
+  {
+    return new (mem) T(tvl.hd, tvl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.hd,
+      tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd,
+      tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd);
+  }
+};
+
+} // namespace luabridge

lib/lua/3rd/LuaBridge/detail/FuncTraits.h

@@ -0,0 +1,942 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/*
+  https://github.com/vinniefalco/LuaBridge
+
+  Copyright 2020, Dmitry Tarakanov
+  Copyright 2012, Vinnie Falco <vinnie.falco@gmail.com>
+
+  License: The MIT License (http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php)
+
+  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+  in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+  to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+  copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+  copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+  OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+  SOFTWARE.
+*/
+//==============================================================================
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <LuaBridge/detail/Config.h>
+
+#ifdef LUABRIDGE_CXX11
+#include <functional>
+#endif
+
+namespace luabridge {
+
+/**
+  Since the throw specification is part of a function signature, the FuncTraits
+  family of templates needs to be specialized for both types. The
+  LUABRIDGE_THROWSPEC macro controls whether we use the 'throw ()' form, or
+  'noexcept' (if C++11 is available) to distinguish the functions.
+*/
+#if defined (__APPLE_CPP__) || defined (__APPLE_CC__) || defined (__clang__) || defined (__GNUC__) || \
+    (defined (_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1700))
+// Do not define LUABRIDGE_THROWSPEC since the Xcode and gcc  compilers do not
+// distinguish the throw specification in the function signature.
+#define LUABRIDGE_THROWSPEC
+#else
+// Visual Studio 10 and earlier pay too much mind to useless throw () spec.
+//
+# define LUABRIDGE_THROWSPEC throw ()
+#endif
+
+//==============================================================================
+/**
+ * Traits class for unrolling the type list values into function arguments.
+ */
+template <class ReturnType, size_t NUM_PARAMS>
+struct Caller;
+
+template <class ReturnType>
+struct Caller <ReturnType, 0>
+{
+  template <class Fn, class Params>
+  static ReturnType f (Fn& fn, TypeListValues <Params>& params)
+  {
+    return fn ();
+  }
+
+  template <class T, class MemFn, class Params>
+  static ReturnType f (T* obj, MemFn& fn, TypeListValues <Params>&)
+  {
+    return (obj->*fn) ();
+  }
+};
+
+template <class ReturnType>
+struct Caller <ReturnType, 1>
+{
+  template <class Fn, class Params>
+  static ReturnType f (Fn& fn, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return fn (tvl.hd);
+  }
+
+  template <class T, class MemFn, class Params>
+  static ReturnType f (T* obj, MemFn& fn, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return (obj->*fn) (tvl.hd);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class ReturnType>
+struct Caller <ReturnType, 2>
+{
+  template <class Fn, class Params>
+  static ReturnType f (Fn& fn, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return fn (tvl.hd, tvl.tl.hd);
+  }
+
+  template <class T, class MemFn, class Params>
+  static ReturnType f (T* obj, MemFn& fn, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return (obj->*fn) (tvl.hd, tvl.tl.hd);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class ReturnType>
+struct Caller <ReturnType, 3>
+{
+  template <class Fn, class Params>
+  static ReturnType f (Fn& fn, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return fn (tvl.hd, tvl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.hd);
+  }
+
+  template <class T, class MemFn, class Params>
+  static ReturnType f (T* obj, MemFn& fn, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return (obj->*fn) (tvl.hd, tvl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.hd);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class ReturnType>
+struct Caller <ReturnType, 4>
+{
+  template <class Fn, class Params>
+  static ReturnType f (Fn& fn, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return fn (tvl.hd, tvl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.hd);
+  }
+
+  template <class T, class MemFn, class Params>
+  static ReturnType f (T* obj, MemFn& fn, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return (obj->*fn) (tvl.hd, tvl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.hd);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class ReturnType>
+struct Caller <ReturnType, 5>
+{
+  template <class Fn, class Params>
+  static ReturnType f (Fn& fn, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return fn (tvl.hd, tvl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd);
+  }
+
+  template <class T, class MemFn, class Params>
+  static ReturnType f (T* obj, MemFn& fn, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return (obj->*fn) (tvl.hd, tvl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class ReturnType>
+struct Caller <ReturnType, 6>
+{
+  template <class Fn, class Params>
+  static ReturnType f (Fn& fn, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return fn (tvl.hd, tvl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd,
+      tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd);
+  }
+
+  template <class T, class MemFn, class Params>
+  static ReturnType f (T* obj, MemFn& fn, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return (obj->*fn) (tvl.hd, tvl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd,
+      tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class ReturnType>
+struct Caller <ReturnType, 7>
+{
+  template <class Fn, class Params>
+  static ReturnType f (Fn& fn, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return fn (tvl.hd, tvl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd,
+      tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd);
+  }
+
+  template <class T, class MemFn, class Params>
+  static ReturnType f (T* obj, MemFn& fn, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return (obj->*fn) (tvl.hd, tvl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd,
+      tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class ReturnType>
+struct Caller <ReturnType, 8>
+{
+  template <class Fn, class Params>
+  static ReturnType f (Fn& fn, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return fn (tvl.hd, tvl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd,
+      tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd);
+  }
+
+  template <class T, class MemFn, class Params>
+  static ReturnType f (T* obj, MemFn& fn, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return (obj->*fn) (tvl.hd, tvl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd,
+      tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class ReturnType>
+struct Caller <ReturnType, 9>
+{
+  template <class Fn, class Params>
+  static ReturnType f (Fn& fn, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return fn (tvl.hd, tvl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd,
+      tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd,
+      tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd);
+  }
+
+  template <class T, class MemFn, class Params>
+  static ReturnType f (T* obj, MemFn& fn, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return (obj->*fn) (tvl.hd, tvl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd,
+      tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd, tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd,
+      tvl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.tl.hd);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class ReturnType, class Fn, class Params>
+ReturnType doCall (Fn& fn, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+{
+  return Caller <ReturnType, TypeListSize <Params>::value>::f (fn, tvl);
+}
+
+template <class ReturnType, class T, class MemFn, class Params>
+static ReturnType doCall(T* obj, MemFn& fn, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+{
+  return Caller <ReturnType, TypeListSize <Params>::value>::f (obj, fn, tvl);
+}
+
+//==============================================================================
+/**
+    Traits for function pointers.
+
+    There are three types of functions: global, non-const member, and const
+    member. These templates determine the type of function, which class type it
+    belongs to if it is a class member, the const-ness if it is a member
+    function, and the type information for the return value and argument list.
+
+    Expansions are provided for functions with up to 8 parameters. This can be
+    manually extended, or expanded to an arbitrary amount using C++11 features.
+*/
+template <class MemFn, class D = MemFn>
+struct FuncTraits
+{
+};
+
+#ifndef LUABRIDGE_CXX11
+
+/* Ordinary function pointers. */
+
+template <class R, class D>
+struct FuncTraits <R (*) () LUABRIDGE_THROWSPEC, D>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = false;
+  typedef D DeclType;
+  typedef R ReturnType;
+  typedef None Params;
+  static R call (D fp, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <R> (fp, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class R, class P1, class D>
+struct FuncTraits <R (*) (P1) LUABRIDGE_THROWSPEC, D>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = false;
+  typedef D DeclType;
+  typedef R ReturnType;
+  typedef TypeList <P1> Params;
+  static R call (D fp, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <R> (fp, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class R, class P1, class P2, class D>
+struct FuncTraits <R (*) (P1, P2) LUABRIDGE_THROWSPEC, D>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = false;
+  typedef D DeclType;
+  typedef R ReturnType;
+  typedef TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2> > Params;
+  static R call (D fp, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <R> (fp, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class R, class P1, class P2, class P3, class D>
+struct FuncTraits <R (*) (P1, P2, P3) LUABRIDGE_THROWSPEC, D>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = false;
+  typedef D DeclType;
+  typedef R ReturnType;
+  typedef TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2, TypeList <P3> > > Params;
+  static R call (D fp, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <R> (fp, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class R, class P1, class P2, class P3, class P4, class D>
+struct FuncTraits <R (*) (P1, P2, P3, P4) LUABRIDGE_THROWSPEC, D>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = false;
+  typedef D DeclType;
+  typedef R ReturnType;
+  typedef TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2, TypeList <P3, TypeList <P4> > > > Params;
+  static R call (D fp, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <R> (fp, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class R, class P1, class P2, class P3, class P4, class P5, class D>
+struct FuncTraits <R (*) (P1, P2, P3, P4, P5) LUABRIDGE_THROWSPEC, D>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = false;
+  typedef D DeclType;
+  typedef R ReturnType;
+  typedef TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2, TypeList <P3, TypeList <P4, TypeList <P5> > > > > Params;
+  static R call (D fp, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <R> (fp, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class R, class P1, class P2, class P3, class P4, class P5, class P6, class D>
+struct FuncTraits <R (*) (P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6) LUABRIDGE_THROWSPEC, D>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = false;
+  typedef D DeclType;
+  typedef R ReturnType;
+  typedef TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2, TypeList <P3, TypeList <P4, TypeList <P5,  TypeList <P6> > > > > > Params;
+  static R call (D fp, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <R> (fp, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class R, class P1, class P2, class P3, class P4, class P5, class P6, class P7, class D>
+struct FuncTraits <R (*) (P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7) LUABRIDGE_THROWSPEC, D>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = false;
+  typedef D DeclType;
+  typedef R ReturnType;
+  typedef TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2, TypeList <P3, TypeList <P4, TypeList <P5, TypeList <P6, TypeList <P7> > > > > > > Params;
+  static R call (D fp, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <R> (fp, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class R, class P1, class P2, class P3, class P4, class P5, class P6, class P7, class P8, class D>
+struct FuncTraits <R (*) (P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7, P8) LUABRIDGE_THROWSPEC, D>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = false;
+  typedef D DeclType;
+  typedef R ReturnType;
+  typedef TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2, TypeList <P3, TypeList <P4, TypeList <P5, TypeList <P6, TypeList <P7, TypeList <P8> > > > > > > > Params;
+  static R call (D fp, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <R> (fp, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+/* Windows: WINAPI (a.k.a. __stdcall) function pointers. */
+
+#ifdef _M_IX86 // Windows 32bit only
+
+template <class R, class D>
+struct FuncTraits <R (__stdcall *) (), D>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = false;
+  typedef D DeclType;
+  typedef R ReturnType;
+  typedef None Params;
+  static R call (D fp, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <R> (fp, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class R, class P1, class D>
+struct FuncTraits <R (__stdcall *) (P1), D>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = false;
+  typedef D DeclType;
+  typedef R ReturnType;
+  typedef TypeList <P1> Params;
+  static R call (D fp, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <R> (fp, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class R, class P1, class P2, class D>
+struct FuncTraits <R (__stdcall *) (P1, P2), D>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = false;
+  typedef D DeclType;
+  typedef R ReturnType;
+  typedef TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2> > Params;
+  static R call (D fp, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <R> (fp, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class R, class P1, class P2, class P3, class D>
+struct FuncTraits <R (__stdcall *) (P1, P2, P3), D>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = false;
+  typedef D DeclType;
+  typedef R ReturnType;
+  typedef TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2, TypeList <P3> > > Params;
+  static R call (D fp, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <R> (fp, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class R, class P1, class P2, class P3, class P4, class D>
+struct FuncTraits <R (__stdcall *) (P1, P2, P3, P4), D>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = false;
+  typedef D DeclType;
+  typedef R ReturnType;
+  typedef TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2, TypeList <P3, TypeList <P4> > > > Params;
+  static R call (D fp, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <R> (fp, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class R, class P1, class P2, class P3, class P4, class P5, class D>
+struct FuncTraits <R (__stdcall *) (P1, P2, P3, P4, P5), D>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = false;
+  typedef D DeclType;
+  typedef R ReturnType;
+  typedef TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2, TypeList <P3, TypeList <P4, TypeList <P5> > > > > Params;
+  static R call (D fp, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <R> (fp, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class R, class P1, class P2, class P3, class P4, class P5, class P6, class D>
+struct FuncTraits <R (__stdcall *) (P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6), D>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = false;
+  typedef D DeclType;
+  typedef R ReturnType;
+  typedef TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2, TypeList <P3, TypeList <P4, TypeList <P5, TypeList <P6> > > > > > Params;
+  static R call (D fp, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <R> (fp, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class R, class P1, class P2, class P3, class P4, class P5, class P6, class P7, class D>
+struct FuncTraits <R (__stdcall *) (P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7), D>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = false;
+  typedef D DeclType;
+  typedef R ReturnType;
+  typedef TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2, TypeList <P3, TypeList <P4, TypeList <P5, TypeList <P6, TypeList <P7> > > > > > > Params;
+  static R call (D fp, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <R> (fp, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class R, class P1, class P2, class P3, class P4, class P5, class P6, class P7, class P8, class D>
+struct FuncTraits <R (__stdcall *) (P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7, P8), D>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = false;
+  typedef D DeclType;
+  typedef R ReturnType;
+  typedef TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2, TypeList <P3, TypeList <P4, TypeList <P5, TypeList <P6, TypeList <P7, TypeList <P8> > > > > > > > Params;
+  static R call (D fp, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <R> (fp, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+#endif // _M_IX86
+
+/* Non-const member function pointers. */
+
+template <class T, class R, class D>
+struct FuncTraits <R (T::*) () LUABRIDGE_THROWSPEC, D>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = true;
+  static bool const isConstMemberFunction = false;
+  typedef D DeclType;
+  typedef T ClassType;
+  typedef R ReturnType;
+  typedef None Params;
+  static R call (T* obj, D fp, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <R> (obj, fp, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class T, class R, class P1, class D>
+struct FuncTraits <R (T::*) (P1) LUABRIDGE_THROWSPEC, D>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = true;
+  static bool const isConstMemberFunction = false;
+  typedef D DeclType;
+  typedef T ClassType;
+  typedef R ReturnType;
+  typedef TypeList <P1> Params;
+  static R call (T* obj, D fp, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <R> (obj, fp, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class T, class R, class P1, class P2, class D>
+struct FuncTraits <R (T::*) (P1, P2) LUABRIDGE_THROWSPEC, D>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = true;
+  static bool const isConstMemberFunction = false;
+  typedef D DeclType;
+  typedef T ClassType;
+  typedef R ReturnType;
+  typedef TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2> > Params;
+  static R call (T* obj, D fp, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <R> (obj, fp, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class T, class R, class P1, class P2, class P3, class D>
+struct FuncTraits <R (T::*) (P1, P2, P3) LUABRIDGE_THROWSPEC, D>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = true;
+  static bool const isConstMemberFunction = false;
+  typedef D DeclType;
+  typedef T ClassType;
+  typedef R ReturnType;
+  typedef TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2, TypeList <P3> > > Params;
+  static R call (T* obj, D fp, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <R> (obj, fp, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class T, class R, class P1, class P2, class P3, class P4, class D>
+struct FuncTraits <R (T::*) (P1, P2, P3, P4) LUABRIDGE_THROWSPEC, D>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = true;
+  static bool const isConstMemberFunction = false;
+  typedef D DeclType;
+  typedef T ClassType;
+  typedef R ReturnType;
+  typedef TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2, TypeList <P3, TypeList <P4> > > > Params;
+  static R call (T* obj, D fp, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <R> (obj, fp, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class T, class R, class P1, class P2, class P3, class P4, class P5, class D>
+struct FuncTraits <R (T::*) (P1, P2, P3, P4, P5) LUABRIDGE_THROWSPEC, D>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = true;
+  static bool const isConstMemberFunction = false;
+  typedef D DeclType;
+  typedef T ClassType;
+  typedef R ReturnType;
+  typedef TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2, TypeList <P3, TypeList <P4, TypeList <P5> > > > > Params;
+  static R call (T* obj, D fp, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <R> (obj, fp, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class T, class R, class P1, class P2, class P3, class P4, class P5, class P6, class D>
+struct FuncTraits <R (T::*) (P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6) LUABRIDGE_THROWSPEC, D>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = true;
+  static bool const isConstMemberFunction = false;
+  typedef D DeclType;
+  typedef T ClassType;
+  typedef R ReturnType;
+  typedef TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2, TypeList <P3, TypeList <P4, TypeList <P5, TypeList <P6> > > > > > Params;
+  static R call (T* obj, D fp, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <R> (obj, fp, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class T, class R, class P1, class P2, class P3, class P4, class P5, class P6, class P7, class D>
+struct FuncTraits <R (T::*) (P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7) LUABRIDGE_THROWSPEC, D>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = true;
+  static bool const isConstMemberFunction = false;
+  typedef D DeclType;
+  typedef T ClassType;
+  typedef R ReturnType;
+  typedef TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2, TypeList <P3, TypeList <P4, TypeList <P5, TypeList <P6, TypeList <P7> > > > > > > Params;
+  static R call (T* obj, D fp, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <R> (obj, fp, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class T, class R, class P1, class P2, class P3, class P4, class P5, class P6, class P7, class P8, class D>
+struct FuncTraits <R (T::*) (P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7, P8) LUABRIDGE_THROWSPEC, D>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = true;
+  static bool const isConstMemberFunction = false;
+  typedef D DeclType;
+  typedef T ClassType;
+  typedef R ReturnType;
+  typedef TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2, TypeList <P3, TypeList <P4, TypeList <P5, TypeList <P6, TypeList <P7, TypeList <P8> > > > > > > > Params;
+  static R call (T* obj, D fp, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <R> (obj, fp, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+/* Const member function pointers. */
+
+template <class T, class R, class D>
+struct FuncTraits <R (T::*) () const LUABRIDGE_THROWSPEC, D>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = true;
+  static bool const isConstMemberFunction = true;
+  typedef D DeclType;
+  typedef T ClassType;
+  typedef R ReturnType;
+  typedef None Params;
+  static R call (T const* obj, D fp, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <R> (obj, fp, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class T, class R, class P1, class D>
+struct FuncTraits <R (T::*) (P1) const LUABRIDGE_THROWSPEC, D>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = true;
+  static bool const isConstMemberFunction = true;
+  typedef D DeclType;
+  typedef T ClassType;
+  typedef R ReturnType;
+  typedef TypeList <P1> Params;
+  static R call (T const* obj, D fp, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <R> (obj, fp, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class T, class R, class P1, class P2, class D>
+struct FuncTraits <R (T::*) (P1, P2) const LUABRIDGE_THROWSPEC, D>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = true;
+  static bool const isConstMemberFunction = true;
+  typedef D DeclType;
+  typedef T ClassType;
+  typedef R ReturnType;
+  typedef TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2> > Params;
+  static R call (T const* obj, R (T::*fp) (P1, P2) const, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <R> (obj, fp, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class T, class R, class P1, class P2, class P3, class D>
+struct FuncTraits <R (T::*) (P1, P2, P3) const LUABRIDGE_THROWSPEC, D>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = true;
+  static bool const isConstMemberFunction = true;
+  typedef D DeclType;
+  typedef T ClassType;
+  typedef R ReturnType;
+  typedef TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2, TypeList <P3> > > Params;
+  static R call (T const* obj, D fp, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <R> (obj, fp, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class T, class R, class P1, class P2, class P3, class P4, class D>
+struct FuncTraits <R (T::*) (P1, P2, P3, P4) const LUABRIDGE_THROWSPEC, D>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = true;
+  static bool const isConstMemberFunction = true;
+  typedef D DeclType;
+  typedef T ClassType;
+  typedef R ReturnType;
+  typedef TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2, TypeList <P3, TypeList <P4> > > > Params;
+  static R call (T const* obj, D fp, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <R> (obj, fp, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class T, class R, class P1, class P2, class P3, class P4, class P5, class D>
+struct FuncTraits <R (T::*) (P1, P2, P3, P4, P5) const LUABRIDGE_THROWSPEC, D>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = true;
+  static bool const isConstMemberFunction = true;
+  typedef D DeclType;
+  typedef T ClassType;
+  typedef R ReturnType;
+  typedef TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2, TypeList <P3, TypeList <P4, TypeList <P5> > > > > Params;
+  static R call (T const* obj, D fp, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <R> (obj, fp, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class T, class R, class P1, class P2, class P3, class P4, class P5, class P6, class D>
+struct FuncTraits <R (T::*) (P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6) const LUABRIDGE_THROWSPEC, D>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = true;
+  static bool const isConstMemberFunction = true;
+  typedef D DeclType;
+  typedef T ClassType;
+  typedef R ReturnType;
+  typedef TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2, TypeList <P3, TypeList <P4, TypeList <P5, TypeList <P6> > > > > > Params;
+  static R call (T const* obj, D fp, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <R> (obj, fp, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class T, class R, class P1, class P2, class P3, class P4, class P5, class P6, class P7, class D>
+struct FuncTraits <R (T::*) (P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7) const LUABRIDGE_THROWSPEC, D>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = true;
+  static bool const isConstMemberFunction = true;
+  typedef D DeclType;
+  typedef T ClassType;
+  typedef R ReturnType;
+  typedef TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2, TypeList <P3, TypeList <P4, TypeList <P5, TypeList <P6, TypeList <P7> > > > > > > Params;
+  static R call (T const* obj, D fp, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <R> (obj, fp, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class T, class R, class P1, class P2, class P3, class P4, class P5, class P6, class P7, class P8, class D>
+struct FuncTraits <R (T::*) (P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7, P8) const LUABRIDGE_THROWSPEC, D>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = true;
+  static bool const isConstMemberFunction = true;
+  typedef D DeclType;
+  typedef T ClassType;
+  typedef R ReturnType;
+  typedef TypeList <P1, TypeList <P2, TypeList <P3, TypeList <P4, TypeList <P5, TypeList <P6, TypeList <P7, TypeList <P8> > > > > > > > Params;
+  static R call (T const* obj, D fp, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <R> (obj, fp, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+#else // ifndef LUABRIDGE_CXX11
+
+/* Ordinary function pointers. */
+
+template <class R, class... ParamList>
+struct FuncTraits <R (*) (ParamList...)>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = false;
+  using DeclType = R (*) (ParamList...);
+  using ReturnType = R;
+  using Params = typename MakeTypeList <ParamList...>::Result;
+
+  static R call (const DeclType& fp, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <R> (fp, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+/* Windows: WINAPI (a.k.a. __stdcall) function pointers. */
+
+#ifdef _M_IX86 // Windows 32bit only
+
+template <class R, class... ParamList>
+struct FuncTraits <R (__stdcall *) (ParamList...)>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = false;
+  using DeclType = R (__stdcall *) (ParamList...);
+  using ReturnType = R;
+  using Params = typename MakeTypeList <ParamList...>::Result;
+
+  static R call (const DeclType& fp, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <R> (fp, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+#endif // _M_IX86
+
+/* Non-const member function pointers. */
+
+template <class T, class R, class... ParamList>
+struct FuncTraits <R (T::*) (ParamList...)>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = true;
+  static bool const isConstMemberFunction = false;
+  using DeclType = R (T::*) (ParamList...);
+  using ClassType = T;
+  using ReturnType = R;
+  using Params = typename MakeTypeList <ParamList...>::Result;
+
+  static R call (ClassType* obj, const DeclType& fp, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <R> (obj, fp, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+/* Const member function pointers. */
+
+template <class T, class R, class... ParamList>
+struct FuncTraits <R (T::*) (ParamList...) const>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = true;
+  static bool const isConstMemberFunction = true;
+  using DeclType = R (T::*) (ParamList...) const;
+  using ClassType = T;
+  using ReturnType = R;
+  using Params = typename MakeTypeList <ParamList...>::Result;
+
+  static R call (const ClassType* obj, const DeclType& fp, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <R> (obj, fp, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+/* std::function */
+
+template <class R, class... ParamList>
+struct FuncTraits <std::function <R (ParamList...)>>
+{
+  static bool const isMemberFunction = false;
+  static bool const isConstMemberFunction = false;
+  using DeclType = std::function <R (ParamList...)>;
+  using ReturnType = R;
+  using Params = typename  MakeTypeList <ParamList...>::Result;
+
+  static ReturnType call (DeclType& fn, TypeListValues <Params>& tvl)
+  {
+    return doCall <ReturnType> (fn, tvl);
+  }
+};
+
+#endif // ifndef LUABRIDGE_CXX11
+
+template <class ReturnType, class Params, int startParam>
+struct Invoke 
+{
+  template <class Fn>
+  static int run (lua_State* L, Fn& fn)
+  {
+    try
+    {
+      ArgList <Params, startParam> args (L);
+      Stack <ReturnType>::push (L, FuncTraits <Fn>::call (fn, args));
+      return 1;
+    }
+    catch (const std::exception& e)
+    {
+      return luaL_error (L, e.what ());
+    }
+  }
+
+  template <class T, class MemFn>
+  static int run (lua_State* L, T* object, const MemFn& fn)
+  {
+    try
+    {
+      ArgList <Params, startParam> args (L);
+      Stack <ReturnType>::push (L, FuncTraits <MemFn>::call (object, fn, args));
+      return 1;
+    }
+    catch (const std::exception& e)
+    {
+      return luaL_error (L, e.what ());
+    }
+  }
+};
+
+template <class Params, int startParam>
+struct Invoke <void, Params, startParam>
+{
+  template <class Fn>
+  static int run (lua_State* L, Fn& fn)
+  {
+    try
+    {
+      ArgList <Params, startParam> args (L);
+      FuncTraits <Fn>::call (fn, args);
+      return 0;
+    }
+    catch (const std::exception& e)
+    {
+      return luaL_error (L, e.what ());
+    }
+  }
+
+  template <class T, class MemFn>
+  static int run (lua_State* L, T* object, const MemFn& fn)
+  {
+    try
+    {
+      ArgList <Params, startParam> args (L);
+      FuncTraits <MemFn>::call (object, fn, args);
+      return 0;
+    }
+    catch (const std::exception& e)
+    {
+      return luaL_error (L, e.what ());
+    }
+  }
+};
+
+} // namespace luabridge

lib/lua/3rd/LuaBridge/detail/Iterator.h

@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/*
+  https://github.com/vinniefalco/LuaBridge
+  
+  Copyright 2018, Dmitry Tarakanov
+  Copyright 2012, Vinnie Falco <vinnie.falco@gmail.com>
+
+  License: The MIT License (http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php)
+
+  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+  in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+  to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+  copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+  copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+  OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+  SOFTWARE.
+*/
+//==============================================================================
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <LuaBridge/detail/LuaRef.h>
+
+#include <utility>
+
+
+namespace luabridge {
+
+/** Allows table iteration.
+*/
+class Iterator
+{
+  lua_State* m_L;
+  LuaRef m_table;
+  LuaRef m_key;
+  LuaRef m_value;
+
+  void next ()
+  {
+    m_table.push ();
+    m_key.push ();
+    if (lua_next (m_L, -2))
+    {
+      m_value.pop ();
+      m_key.pop ();
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      m_key = Nil ();
+      m_value = Nil ();
+    }
+    lua_pop (m_L, 1);
+  }
+
+public:
+  explicit Iterator (const LuaRef& table, bool isEnd = false)
+    : m_L (table.state ())
+    , m_table (table)
+    , m_key (table.state ()) // m_key is nil
+    , m_value (table.state ()) // m_value is nil
+  {
+    if (!isEnd)
+    {
+      next (); // get the first (key, value) pair from table
+    }
+  }
+
+  lua_State* state () const
+  {
+    return m_L;
+  }
+
+  std::pair <LuaRef, LuaRef> operator* () const
+  {
+    return std::make_pair (m_key, m_value);
+  }
+
+  LuaRef operator-> () const
+  {
+    return m_value;
+  }
+
+  bool operator!= (const Iterator& rhs) const
+  {
+    assert (m_L == rhs.m_L);
+    return !m_table.rawequal (rhs.m_table) || !m_key.rawequal (rhs.m_key);
+  }
+
+  Iterator& operator++ ()
+  {
+    if (isNil ())
+    {
+      // if the iterator reaches the end, do nothing
+      return *this;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      next ();
+      return *this;
+    }
+  }
+
+  bool isNil () const
+  {
+    return m_key.isNil ();
+  }
+
+  LuaRef key () const
+  {
+    return m_key;
+  }
+
+  LuaRef value () const
+  {
+    return m_value;
+  }
+
+private:
+  // Don't use postfix increment, it is less efficient
+  Iterator operator++ (int);
+};
+
+class Range
+{
+  Iterator m_begin;
+  Iterator m_end;
+
+public:
+  Range (const Iterator& begin, const Iterator& end)
+    : m_begin (begin)
+    , m_end (end)
+  {
+  }
+
+  const Iterator& begin () const { return m_begin; }
+  const Iterator& end () const { return m_end; }
+};
+
+inline Range pairs (const LuaRef& table)
+{
+  return Range (Iterator (table, false), Iterator (table, true));
+}
+
+} // namespace luabridge

lib/lua/3rd/LuaBridge/detail/LuaException.h

@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/*
+  https://github.com/vinniefalco/LuaBridge
+  
+  Copyright 2012, Vinnie Falco <vinnie.falco@gmail.com>
+  Copyright 2008, Nigel Atkinson <suprapilot+LuaCode@gmail.com>
+
+  License: The MIT License (http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php)
+
+  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+  in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+  to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+  copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+  copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+  OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+  SOFTWARE.
+*/
+//==============================================================================
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <exception>
+#include <string>
+
+namespace luabridge {
+
+class LuaException : public std::exception 
+{
+private:
+  lua_State* m_L;
+  std::string m_what;
+
+public:
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Construct a LuaException after a lua_pcall().
+  */
+  LuaException (lua_State* L, int /*code*/)
+    : m_L (L)
+  {
+    whatFromStack ();
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+  LuaException (lua_State *L,
+                char const*,
+                char const*,
+                long)
+    : m_L (L)
+  {
+    whatFromStack ();
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+  ~LuaException() throw ()
+  {
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+  char const* what() const throw ()
+  {
+    return m_what.c_str();
+  }
+
+  //============================================================================
+  /**
+      Throw an exception.
+
+      This centralizes all the exceptions thrown, so that we can set
+      breakpoints before the stack is unwound, or otherwise customize the
+      behavior.
+  */
+  template <class Exception>
+  static void Throw (Exception e)
+  {
+    throw e;
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Wrapper for lua_pcall that throws.
+  */
+  static void pcall (lua_State* L, int nargs = 0, int nresults = 0, int msgh = 0)
+  {
+    int code = lua_pcall (L, nargs, nresults, msgh);
+
+    if (code != LUABRIDGE_LUA_OK)
+      Throw (LuaException (L, code));
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Initializes error handling. Subsequent Lua errors are translated to C++ exceptions.
+  */
+  static void enableExceptions (lua_State* L)
+  {
+    lua_atpanic (L, throwAtPanic);
+  }
+
+protected:
+  void whatFromStack ()
+  {
+    if (lua_gettop (m_L) > 0)
+    {
+      char const* s = lua_tostring (m_L, -1);
+      m_what = s ? s : "";
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      // stack is empty
+      m_what = "missing error";
+    }
+  }
+
+private:
+  static int throwAtPanic (lua_State* L)
+  {
+    throw LuaException (L, -1);
+  }
+};
+
+//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+    Initializes error handling. Subsequent Lua errors are translated to C++ exceptions.
+*/
+static void enableExceptions (lua_State* L)
+{
+  LuaException::enableExceptions (L);
+}
+
+} // namespace luabridge

lib/lua/3rd/LuaBridge/detail/LuaHelpers.h

@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/*
+  https://github.com/vinniefalco/LuaBridge
+  
+  Copyright 2012, Vinnie Falco <vinnie.falco@gmail.com>
+  Copyright 2007, Nathan Reed
+
+  License: The MIT License (http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php)
+
+  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+  in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+  to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+  copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+  copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+  OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+  SOFTWARE.
+*/
+//==============================================================================
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cassert>
+
+namespace luabridge {
+
+// These are for Lua versions prior to 5.2.0.
+//
+#if LUA_VERSION_NUM < 502
+inline int lua_absindex (lua_State* L, int idx)
+{
+  if (idx > LUA_REGISTRYINDEX && idx < 0)
+    return lua_gettop (L) + idx + 1;
+  else
+    return idx;
+}
+
+inline void lua_rawgetp (lua_State* L, int idx, void const* p)
+{
+  idx = lua_absindex (L, idx);
+  lua_pushlightuserdata (L, const_cast <void*> (p));
+  lua_rawget (L,idx);
+}
+
+inline void lua_rawsetp (lua_State* L, int idx, void const* p)
+{
+  idx = lua_absindex (L, idx);
+  lua_pushlightuserdata (L, const_cast <void*> (p));
+  // put key behind value
+  lua_insert (L, -2);
+  lua_rawset (L, idx);
+}
+
+#define LUA_OPEQ 1
+#define LUA_OPLT 2
+#define LUA_OPLE 3
+
+inline int lua_compare (lua_State* L, int idx1, int idx2, int op)
+{
+  switch (op)
+  {
+  case LUA_OPEQ:
+    return lua_equal (L, idx1, idx2);
+    break;
+
+  case LUA_OPLT:
+    return lua_lessthan (L, idx1, idx2);
+    break;
+
+  case LUA_OPLE:
+    return lua_equal (L, idx1, idx2) || lua_lessthan (L, idx1, idx2);
+    break;
+
+  default:
+    return 0;
+  };
+}
+
+inline int get_length (lua_State* L, int idx)
+{
+  return int (lua_objlen (L, idx));
+}
+
+#else
+inline int get_length (lua_State* L, int idx)
+{
+  lua_len (L, idx);
+  int len = int (luaL_checknumber (L, -1));
+  lua_pop (L, 1);
+  return len;
+}
+
+#endif
+
+#ifndef LUA_OK
+# define LUABRIDGE_LUA_OK 0
+#else
+# define LUABRIDGE_LUA_OK LUA_OK
+#endif
+
+/** Get a table value, bypassing metamethods.
+*/  
+inline void rawgetfield (lua_State* L, int index, char const* key)
+{
+  assert (lua_istable (L, index));
+  index = lua_absindex (L, index);
+  lua_pushstring (L, key);
+  lua_rawget (L, index);
+}
+
+/** Set a table value, bypassing metamethods.
+*/  
+inline void rawsetfield (lua_State* L, int index, char const* key)
+{
+  assert (lua_istable (L, index));
+  index = lua_absindex (L, index);
+  lua_pushstring (L, key);
+  lua_insert (L, -2);
+  lua_rawset (L, index);
+}
+
+/** Returns true if the value is a full userdata (not light).
+*/
+inline bool isfulluserdata (lua_State* L, int index)
+{
+  return lua_isuserdata (L, index) && !lua_islightuserdata (L, index);
+}
+
+/** Test lua_State objects for global equality.
+
+    This can determine if two different lua_State objects really point
+    to the same global state, such as when using coroutines.
+
+    @note This is used for assertions.
+*/
+inline bool equalstates (lua_State* L1, lua_State* L2)
+{
+  return lua_topointer (L1, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX) ==
+         lua_topointer (L2, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX);
+}
+
+} // namespace luabridge

lib/lua/3rd/LuaBridge/detail/LuaRef.h

@@ -0,0 +1,1051 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/*
+  https://github.com/vinniefalco/LuaBridge
+
+  Copyright 2018, Dmitry Tarakanov
+  Copyright 2012, Vinnie Falco <vinnie.falco@gmail.com>
+  Copyright 2008, Nigel Atkinson <suprapilot+LuaCode@gmail.com>
+
+  License: The MIT License (http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php)
+
+  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+  in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+  to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+  copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+  copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+  OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+  SOFTWARE.
+*/
+//==============================================================================
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <LuaBridge/detail/LuaException.h>
+#include <LuaBridge/detail/Stack.h>
+
+#include <iostream>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include <map>
+
+namespace luabridge {
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+    Type tag for representing LUA_TNIL.
+
+    Construct one of these using `Nil ()` to represent a Lua nil. This is faster
+    than creating a reference in the registry to nil. Example:
+
+        LuaRef t (LuaRef::createTable (L));
+        ...
+        t ["k"] = Nil (); // assign nil
+*/
+struct Nil
+{
+};
+
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+    Stack specialization for Nil.
+*/
+template <>
+struct Stack <Nil>
+{
+  static void push (lua_State* L, Nil)
+  {
+    lua_pushnil (L);
+  }
+
+  static bool isInstance (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return lua_type (L, index) == LUA_TTABLE;
+  }
+};
+
+/**
+ * Base class for LuaRef and table value proxy classes.
+ */
+template <class Impl, class LuaRef>
+class LuaRefBase
+{
+protected:
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Pop the Lua stack.
+
+      Pops the specified number of stack items on destruction. We use this
+      when returning objects, to avoid an explicit temporary variable, since
+      the destructor executes after the return statement. For example:
+
+          template <class U>
+          U cast (lua_State* L)
+          {
+            StackPop p (L, 1);
+            ...
+            return U (); // dtor called after this line
+          }
+
+      @note The `StackPop` object must always be a named local variable.
+  */
+  class StackPop
+  {
+  public:
+    /** Create a StackPop object.
+
+        @param count The number of stack entries to pop on destruction.
+    */
+    StackPop (lua_State* L, int count)
+      : m_L (L)
+      , m_count (count)
+    {
+    }
+
+    ~StackPop ()
+    {
+      lua_pop (m_L, m_count);
+    }
+
+  private:
+    lua_State* m_L;
+    int m_count;
+  };
+
+  friend struct Stack <LuaRef>;
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Type tag for stack construction.
+  */
+  struct FromStack { };
+
+  LuaRefBase (lua_State* L)
+    : m_L (L)
+  {
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Create a reference to this ref.
+
+      This is used internally.
+  */
+  int createRef () const
+  {
+    impl ().push ();
+    return luaL_ref (m_L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX);
+  }
+
+public:
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      converts to a string using luas tostring function
+  */
+  std::string tostring () const
+  {
+    lua_getglobal (m_L, "tostring");
+    impl ().push ();
+    lua_call (m_L, 1, 1);
+    const char* str = lua_tostring (m_L, -1);
+    lua_pop (m_L, 1);
+    return str;
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Print a text description of the value to a stream.
+
+      This is used for diagnostics.
+  */
+  void print (std::ostream& os) const
+  {
+    switch (type ())
+    {
+    case LUA_TNIL:
+      os << "nil";
+      break;
+
+    case LUA_TNUMBER:
+      os << cast <lua_Number> ();
+      break;
+
+    case LUA_TBOOLEAN:
+      os << (cast <bool> () ? "true" : "false");
+      break;
+
+    case LUA_TSTRING:
+      os << '"' << cast <std::string> () << '"';
+      break;
+
+    case LUA_TTABLE:
+      os << "table: " << tostring ();
+      break;
+
+    case LUA_TFUNCTION:
+      os << "function: " << tostring ();
+      break;
+
+    case LUA_TUSERDATA:
+      os << "userdata: " << tostring ();
+      break;
+
+    case LUA_TTHREAD:
+      os << "thread: " << tostring ();
+      break;
+
+    case LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA:
+      os << "lightuserdata: " << tostring ();
+      break;
+
+    default:
+      os << "unknown";
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+
+  //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Write a LuaRef to a stream.
+
+      This allows LuaRef and table proxies to work with streams.
+  */
+  friend std::ostream& operator<< (std::ostream& os, LuaRefBase const& ref)
+  {
+    ref.print (os);
+    return os;
+  }
+
+  //============================================================================
+  //
+  // This group of member functions is mirrored in Proxy
+  //
+
+  /** Retrieve the lua_State associated with the reference.
+  */
+  lua_State* state () const
+  {
+    return m_L;
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Place the object onto the Lua stack.
+  */
+  void push (lua_State* L) const
+  {
+    assert (equalstates (L, m_L));
+    (void) L;
+    impl ().push ();
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Pop the top of Lua stack and assign the ref to m_ref
+  */
+  void pop (lua_State* L)
+  {
+    assert (equalstates (L, m_L));
+    (void) L;
+    impl ().pop ();
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Determine the object type.
+
+      The return values are the same as for `lua_type`.
+  */
+  /** @{ */
+  int type () const
+  {
+    impl ().push ();
+    StackPop p (m_L, 1);
+    return lua_type (m_L, -1);
+  }
+
+  // should never happen
+  // bool isNone () const { return m_ref == LUA_NOREF; }
+
+  bool isNil () const { return type () == LUA_TNIL; }
+  bool isBool () const { return type () == LUA_TBOOLEAN; }
+  bool isNumber () const { return type () == LUA_TNUMBER; }
+  bool isString () const { return type () == LUA_TSTRING; }
+  bool isTable () const { return type () == LUA_TTABLE; }
+  bool isFunction () const { return type () == LUA_TFUNCTION; }
+  bool isUserdata () const { return type () == LUA_TUSERDATA; }
+  bool isThread () const { return type () == LUA_TTHREAD; }
+  bool isLightUserdata () const { return type () == LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA; }
+
+  /** @} */
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Perform an explicit conversion.
+  */
+  template <class T>
+  T cast () const
+  {
+    StackPop p (m_L, 1);
+    impl ().push ();
+    return Stack <T>::get (m_L, -1);
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Type check
+  */
+  template <class T>
+  bool isInstance () const
+  {
+    StackPop p (m_L, 1);
+    impl ().push ();
+    return Stack <T>::isInstance (m_L, -1);
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Universal implicit conversion operator.
+
+      NOTE: Visual Studio 2010 and 2012 have a bug where this function
+            is not used. See:
+
+      http://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/en-US/vcgeneral/thread/e30b2664-a92d-445c-9db2-e8e0fbde2014
+      https://connect.microsoft.com/VisualStudio/feedback/details/771509/correct-code-doesnt-compile
+
+          // This code snippet fails to compile in vs2010,vs2012
+          struct S {
+            template <class T> operator T () const { return T (); }
+          };
+          int main () {
+            S () || false;
+            return 0;
+          }
+  */
+  template <class T>
+  operator T () const
+  {
+    return cast <T> ();
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Universal comparison operators.
+  */
+  /** @{ */
+  template <class T>
+  bool operator== (T rhs) const
+  {
+    StackPop p (m_L, 2);
+    impl ().push ();
+    Stack <T>::push (m_L, rhs);
+    return lua_compare (m_L, -2, -1, LUA_OPEQ) == 1;
+  }
+
+  template <class T>
+  bool operator< (T rhs) const
+  {
+    StackPop p (m_L, 2);
+    impl ().push ();;
+    Stack <T>::push (m_L, rhs);
+    int lhsType = lua_type (m_L, -2);
+    int rhsType = lua_type (m_L, -1);
+    if (lhsType != rhsType)
+    {
+      return lhsType < rhsType;
+    }
+    return lua_compare (m_L, -2, -1, LUA_OPLT) == 1;
+  }
+
+  template <class T>
+  bool operator<= (T rhs) const
+  {
+    StackPop p (m_L, 2);
+    impl ().push ();;
+    Stack <T>::push (m_L, rhs);
+    int lhsType = lua_type (m_L, -2);
+    int rhsType = lua_type (m_L, -1);
+    if (lhsType != rhsType)
+    {
+      return lhsType <= rhsType;
+    }
+    return lua_compare (m_L, -2, -1, LUA_OPLE) == 1;
+  }
+
+  template <class T>
+  bool operator> (T rhs) const
+  {
+    StackPop p (m_L, 2);
+    impl ().push ();;
+    Stack <T>::push (m_L, rhs);
+    int lhsType = lua_type (m_L, -2);
+    int rhsType = lua_type (m_L, -1);
+    if (lhsType != rhsType)
+    {
+      return lhsType > rhsType;
+    }
+    return lua_compare (m_L, -1, -2, LUA_OPLT) == 1;
+  }
+
+  template <class T>
+  bool operator>= (T rhs) const
+  {
+    StackPop p (m_L, 2);
+    impl ().push ();;
+    Stack <T>::push (m_L, rhs);
+    int lhsType = lua_type (m_L, -2);
+    int rhsType = lua_type (m_L, -1);
+    if (lhsType != rhsType)
+    {
+      return lhsType >= rhsType;
+    }
+    return lua_compare (m_L, -1, -2, LUA_OPLE) == 1;
+  }
+
+  template <class T>
+  bool rawequal (T rhs) const
+  {
+    StackPop p (m_L, 2);
+    impl ().push ();;
+    Stack <T>::push (m_L, rhs);
+    return lua_rawequal (m_L, -1, -2) == 1;
+  }
+  /** @} */
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Append a value to the table.
+
+      If the table is a sequence this will add another element to it.
+  */
+  template <class T>
+  void append (T v) const
+  {
+    impl ().push ();;
+    Stack <T>::push (m_L, v);
+    luaL_ref (m_L, -2);
+    lua_pop (m_L, 1);
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Call the length operator.
+
+      This is identical to applying the Lua # operator.
+  */
+  int length () const
+  {
+    StackPop p (m_L, 1);
+    impl ().push ();;
+    return get_length (m_L, -1);
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Call Lua code.
+
+      These overloads allow Lua code to be called with up to 8 parameters.
+      The return value is provided as a LuaRef (which may be LUA_REFNIL).
+      If an error occurs, a LuaException is thrown.
+  */
+  /** @{ */
+  LuaRef operator() () const
+  {
+    impl ().push ();;
+    LuaException::pcall (m_L, 0, 1);
+    return LuaRef::fromStack (m_L);
+  }
+
+  template <class P1>
+  LuaRef operator() (P1 p1) const
+  {
+    impl ().push ();;
+    Stack <P1>::push (m_L, p1);
+    LuaException::pcall (m_L, 1, 1);
+    return LuaRef::fromStack (m_L);
+  }
+
+  template <class P1, class P2>
+  LuaRef operator() (P1 p1, P2 p2) const
+  {
+    impl ().push ();;
+    Stack <P1>::push (m_L, p1);
+    Stack <P2>::push (m_L, p2);
+    LuaException::pcall (m_L, 2, 1);
+    return LuaRef::fromStack (m_L);
+  }
+
+  template <class P1, class P2, class P3>
+  LuaRef operator() (P1 p1, P2 p2, P3 p3) const
+  {
+    impl ().push ();;
+    Stack <P1>::push (m_L, p1);
+    Stack <P2>::push (m_L, p2);
+    Stack <P3>::push (m_L, p3);
+    LuaException::pcall (m_L, 3, 1);
+    return LuaRef::fromStack (m_L);
+  }
+
+  template <class P1, class P2, class P3, class P4>
+  LuaRef operator() (P1 p1, P2 p2, P3 p3, P4 p4) const
+  {
+    impl ().push ();;
+    Stack <P1>::push (m_L, p1);
+    Stack <P2>::push (m_L, p2);
+    Stack <P3>::push (m_L, p3);
+    Stack <P4>::push (m_L, p4);
+    LuaException::pcall (m_L, 4, 1);
+    return LuaRef::fromStack (m_L);
+  }
+
+  template <class P1, class P2, class P3, class P4, class P5>
+  LuaRef operator() (P1 p1, P2 p2, P3 p3, P4 p4, P5 p5) const
+  {
+    impl ().push ();;
+    Stack <P1>::push (m_L, p1);
+    Stack <P2>::push (m_L, p2);
+    Stack <P3>::push (m_L, p3);
+    Stack <P4>::push (m_L, p4);
+    Stack <P5>::push (m_L, p5);
+    LuaException::pcall (m_L, 5, 1);
+    return LuaRef::fromStack (m_L);
+  }
+
+  template <class P1, class P2, class P3, class P4, class P5, class P6>
+  LuaRef operator() (P1 p1, P2 p2, P3 p3, P4 p4, P5 p5, P6 p6) const
+  {
+    impl ().push ();;
+    Stack <P1>::push (m_L, p1);
+    Stack <P2>::push (m_L, p2);
+    Stack <P3>::push (m_L, p3);
+    Stack <P4>::push (m_L, p4);
+    Stack <P5>::push (m_L, p5);
+    Stack <P6>::push (m_L, p6);
+    LuaException::pcall (m_L, 6, 1);
+    return LuaRef::fromStack (m_L);
+  }
+
+  template <class P1, class P2, class P3, class P4, class P5, class P6, class P7>
+  LuaRef operator() (P1 p1, P2 p2, P3 p3, P4 p4, P5 p5, P6 p6, P7 p7) const
+  {
+    impl ().push ();;
+    Stack <P1>::push (m_L, p1);
+    Stack <P2>::push (m_L, p2);
+    Stack <P3>::push (m_L, p3);
+    Stack <P4>::push (m_L, p4);
+    Stack <P5>::push (m_L, p5);
+    Stack <P6>::push (m_L, p6);
+    Stack <P7>::push (m_L, p7);
+    LuaException::pcall (m_L, 7, 1);
+    return LuaRef::fromStack (m_L);
+  }
+
+  template <class P1, class P2, class P3, class P4, class P5, class P6, class P7, class P8>
+  LuaRef operator() (P1 p1, P2 p2, P3 p3, P4 p4, P5 p5, P6 p6, P7 p7, P8 p8) const
+  {
+    impl ().push ();
+    Stack <P1>::push (m_L, p1);
+    Stack <P2>::push (m_L, p2);
+    Stack <P3>::push (m_L, p3);
+    Stack <P4>::push (m_L, p4);
+    Stack <P5>::push (m_L, p5);
+    Stack <P6>::push (m_L, p6);
+    Stack <P7>::push (m_L, p7);
+    Stack <P8>::push (m_L, p8);
+    LuaException::pcall (m_L, 8, 1);
+    return LuaRef::fromStack (m_L);
+  }
+  /** @} */
+
+  //============================================================================
+
+protected:
+  lua_State* m_L;
+
+private:
+  const Impl& impl () const
+  {
+    return static_cast <const Impl&> (*this);
+  }
+
+  Impl& impl ()
+  {
+    return static_cast <Impl&> (*this);
+  }
+};
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+    Lightweight reference to a Lua object.
+
+    The reference is maintained for the lifetime of the C++ object.
+*/
+class LuaRef : public LuaRefBase <LuaRef, LuaRef>
+{
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      A proxy for representing table values.
+  */
+  class Proxy : public LuaRefBase <Proxy, LuaRef>
+  {
+    friend class LuaRef;
+
+  public:
+    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+        Construct a Proxy from a table value.
+
+        The table is in the registry, and the key is at the top of the stack.
+        The key is popped off the stack.
+    */
+    Proxy (lua_State* L, int tableRef)
+      : LuaRefBase (L)
+      , m_tableRef (LUA_NOREF)
+      , m_keyRef (luaL_ref (L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX))
+    {
+      lua_rawgeti (m_L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, tableRef);
+      m_tableRef = luaL_ref (L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX);
+    }
+
+    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+        Create a Proxy via copy constructor.
+
+        It is best to avoid code paths that invoke this, because it creates
+        an extra temporary Lua reference. Typically this is done by passing
+        the Proxy parameter as a `const` reference.
+    */
+    Proxy (Proxy const& other)
+      : LuaRefBase (other.m_L)
+      , m_tableRef (LUA_NOREF)
+      , m_keyRef (LUA_NOREF)
+    {
+      lua_rawgeti (m_L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, other.m_tableRef);
+      m_tableRef = luaL_ref (m_L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX);
+
+      lua_rawgeti (m_L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, other.m_keyRef);
+      m_keyRef = luaL_ref (m_L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX);
+    }
+
+    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+        Destroy the proxy.
+
+        This does not destroy the table value.
+    */
+    ~Proxy ()
+    {
+      luaL_unref (m_L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, m_keyRef);
+      luaL_unref (m_L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, m_tableRef);
+    }
+
+    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+        Assign a new value to this table key.
+
+        This may invoke metamethods.
+    */
+    template <class T>
+    Proxy& operator= (T v)
+    {
+      StackPop p (m_L, 1);
+      lua_rawgeti (m_L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, m_tableRef);
+      lua_rawgeti (m_L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, m_keyRef);
+      Stack <T>::push (m_L, v);
+      lua_settable (m_L, -3);
+      return *this;
+    }
+
+    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+        Assign a new value to this table key.
+
+        The assignment is raw, no metamethods are invoked.
+    */
+    template <class T>
+    Proxy& rawset (T v)
+    {
+      StackPop p (m_L, 1);
+      lua_rawgeti (m_L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, m_tableRef);
+      lua_rawgeti (m_L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, m_keyRef);
+      Stack <T>::push (m_L, v);
+      lua_rawset (m_L, -3);
+      return *this;
+    }
+
+    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+        Push the value onto the Lua stack.
+    */
+    using LuaRefBase::push;
+
+    void push () const
+    {
+      lua_rawgeti (m_L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, m_tableRef);
+      lua_rawgeti (m_L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, m_keyRef);
+      lua_gettable (m_L, -2);
+      lua_remove (m_L, -2); // remove the table
+    }
+
+    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+        Access a table value using a key.
+
+        This invokes metamethods.
+    */
+    template <class T>
+    Proxy operator[] (T key) const
+    {
+      return LuaRef (*this) [key];
+    }
+
+    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+        Access a table value using a key.
+
+        The operation is raw, metamethods are not invoked. The result is
+        passed by value and may not be modified.
+    */
+    template <class T>
+    LuaRef rawget (T key) const
+    {
+      return LuaRef (*this).rawget (key);
+    }
+
+  private:
+    int m_tableRef;
+    int m_keyRef;
+  };
+
+  friend struct Stack <Proxy>;
+  friend struct Stack <Proxy&>;
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Create a reference to an object at the top of the Lua stack and pop it.
+
+      This constructor is private and not invoked directly.
+      Instead, use the `fromStack` function.
+
+      @note The object is popped.
+  */
+  LuaRef (lua_State* L, FromStack)
+    : LuaRefBase (L)
+    , m_ref (luaL_ref (m_L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX))
+  {
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Create a reference to an object on the Lua stack.
+
+      This constructor is private and not invoked directly.
+      Instead, use the `fromStack` function.
+
+      @note The object is not popped.
+  */
+  LuaRef (lua_State* L, int index, FromStack)
+    : LuaRefBase (L)
+    , m_ref (LUA_NOREF)
+  {
+    lua_pushvalue (m_L, index);
+    m_ref = luaL_ref (m_L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX);
+  }
+
+
+public:
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Create a nil reference.
+
+      The LuaRef may be assigned later.
+  */
+  LuaRef (lua_State* L)
+    : LuaRefBase (L)
+    , m_ref (LUA_NOREF)
+  {
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Create a reference to a value.
+  */
+  template <class T>
+  LuaRef (lua_State* L, T v)
+    : LuaRefBase (L)
+    , m_ref (LUA_NOREF)
+  {
+    Stack <T>::push (m_L, v);
+    m_ref = luaL_ref (m_L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX);
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Create a reference to a table value.
+  */
+  LuaRef (Proxy const& v)
+    : LuaRefBase (v.state ())
+    , m_ref (v.createRef ())
+  {
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Create a new reference to an existing reference.
+  */
+  LuaRef (LuaRef const& other)
+    : LuaRefBase (other.m_L)
+    , m_ref (other.createRef ())
+  {
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Destroy a reference.
+
+      The corresponding Lua registry reference will be released.
+
+      @note If the state refers to a thread, it is the responsibility of the
+            caller to ensure that the thread still exists when the LuaRef
+            is destroyed.
+  */
+  ~LuaRef ()
+  {
+    luaL_unref (m_L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, m_ref);
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Return a LuaRef from a top stack item.
+
+      The stack item is not popped.
+  */
+  static LuaRef fromStack (lua_State* L)
+  {
+    return LuaRef (L, FromStack ());
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Return a LuaRef from a stack item.
+
+      The stack item is not popped.
+  */
+  static LuaRef fromStack (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    lua_pushvalue (L, index);
+    return LuaRef (L, FromStack ());
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Create a new empty table and return a reference to it.
+
+      It is also possible to use the free function `newTable`.
+
+      @see ::luabridge::newTable
+  */
+  static LuaRef newTable (lua_State* L)
+  {
+    lua_newtable (L);
+    return LuaRef (L, FromStack ());
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Return a reference to a named global.
+
+      It is also possible to use the free function `getGlobal`.
+
+      @see ::luabridge::getGlobal
+  */
+  static LuaRef getGlobal (lua_State *L, char const* name)
+  {
+    lua_getglobal (L, name);
+    return LuaRef (L, FromStack ());
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Assign another LuaRef to this LuaRef.
+  */
+  LuaRef& operator= (LuaRef const& rhs)
+  {
+    LuaRef ref (rhs);
+    swap (ref);
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Assign Proxy to this LuaRef.
+  */
+  LuaRef& operator= (LuaRef::Proxy const& rhs)
+  {
+    LuaRef ref (rhs);
+    swap (ref);
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+  Assign nil to this LuaRef.
+  */
+  LuaRef& operator= (Nil const&)
+  {
+    LuaRef ref (m_L);
+    swap (ref);
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Assign a different value to this LuaRef.
+  */
+  template <class T>
+  LuaRef& operator= (T rhs)
+  {
+    LuaRef ref (m_L, rhs);
+    swap (ref);
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Place the object onto the Lua stack.
+  */
+  using LuaRefBase::push;
+
+  void push () const
+  {
+    lua_rawgeti (m_L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, m_ref);
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Pop the top of Lua stack and assign the ref to m_ref
+  */
+  void pop ()
+  {
+    luaL_unref (m_L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, m_ref);
+    m_ref = luaL_ref (m_L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX);
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Access a table value using a key.
+
+      This invokes metamethods.
+  */
+  template <class T>
+  Proxy operator[] (T key) const
+  {
+    Stack <T>::push (m_L, key);
+    return Proxy (m_L, m_ref);
+  }
+
+    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+        Access a table value using a key.
+
+        The operation is raw, metamethods are not invoked. The result is
+        passed by value and may not be modified.
+    */
+    template <class T>
+    LuaRef rawget (T key) const
+    {
+      StackPop (m_L, 1);
+      push (m_L);
+      Stack <T>::push (m_L, key);
+      lua_rawget (m_L, -2);
+      return LuaRef (m_L, FromStack ());
+    }
+
+private:
+  void swap (LuaRef& other)
+  {
+    std::swap (m_L, other.m_L);
+    std::swap (m_ref, other.m_ref);
+  }
+
+  int m_ref;
+};
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+ * Stack specialization for `LuaRef`.
+ */
+template <>
+struct Stack <LuaRef>
+{
+  // The value is const& to prevent a copy construction.
+  //
+  static void push (lua_State* L, LuaRef const& v)
+  {
+    v.push (L);
+  }
+
+  static LuaRef get (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return LuaRef::fromStack (L, index);
+  }
+};
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+ * Stack specialization for `Proxy`.
+ */
+template <>
+struct Stack <LuaRef::Proxy>
+{
+  // The value is const& to prevent a copy construction.
+  //
+  static void push (lua_State* L, LuaRef::Proxy const& v)
+  {
+    v.push (L);
+  }
+};
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+    Create a reference to a new, empty table.
+
+    This is a syntactic abbreviation for LuaRef::newTable ().
+*/
+inline LuaRef newTable (lua_State* L)
+{
+  return LuaRef::newTable (L);
+}
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+    Create a reference to a value in the global table.
+
+    This is a syntactic abbreviation for LuaRef::getGlobal ().
+*/
+inline LuaRef getGlobal (lua_State *L, char const* name)
+{
+  return LuaRef::getGlobal (L, name);
+}
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// more C++-like cast syntax
+//
+template <class T>
+T LuaRef_cast (LuaRef const& lr)
+{
+  return lr.cast <T> ();
+}
+
+} // namespace luabridge

lib/lua/3rd/LuaBridge/detail/Namespace.h

@@ -0,0 +1,1252 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/*
+  https://github.com/vinniefalco/LuaBridge
+
+  Copyright 2019, Dmitry Tarakanov
+  Copyright 2012, Vinnie Falco <vinnie.falco@gmail.com>
+  Copyright 2007, Nathan Reed
+
+  License: The MIT License (http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php)
+
+  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+  in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+  to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+  copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+  copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+  OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+  SOFTWARE.
+*/
+//==============================================================================
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <LuaBridge/detail/Config.h>
+#include <LuaBridge/detail/ClassInfo.h>
+#include <LuaBridge/detail/LuaException.h>
+#include <LuaBridge/detail/Security.h>
+#include <LuaBridge/detail/TypeTraits.h>
+
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <string>
+
+namespace luabridge {
+
+namespace detail {
+
+/**
+ * Base for class and namespace registration.
+ * Maintains Lua stack in the proper state.
+ * Once beginNamespace, beginClass or deriveClass is called the parent
+ * object upon its destruction may no longer clear the Lua stack.
+ * Then endNamespace or endClass is called, a new parent is created
+ * and the child transfers the responsibility for clearing stack to it.
+ * So there can be maximum one "active" registrar object.
+ */
+class Registrar
+{
+protected:
+  lua_State* const L;
+  int mutable m_stackSize;
+
+  Registrar (lua_State* L)
+    : L (L)
+    , m_stackSize (0)
+  {
+  }
+
+  Registrar (const Registrar& rhs)
+    : L (rhs.L)
+    , m_stackSize (rhs.m_stackSize)
+  {
+    rhs.m_stackSize = 0;
+  }
+
+#ifndef _MSC_VER
+  // MS compiler thinks it's the 2nd copy ctor
+  Registrar(Registrar& rhs)
+    : L (rhs.L)
+    , m_stackSize (rhs.m_stackSize)
+  {
+    rhs.m_stackSize = 0;
+  }
+#endif // ifndef _MSC_VER
+
+  Registrar& operator= (const Registrar& rhs)
+  {
+    Registrar tmp (rhs);
+    std::swap (m_stackSize, tmp.m_stackSize);
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  ~Registrar ()
+  {
+    if (m_stackSize > 0)
+    {
+      assert (m_stackSize <= lua_gettop (L));
+      lua_pop (L, m_stackSize);
+    }
+  }
+
+  void assertIsActive () const
+  {
+    if (m_stackSize == 0)
+    {
+      throw std::logic_error ("Unable to continue registration");
+    }
+  }
+};
+
+} // namespace detail
+
+/** Provides C++ to Lua registration capabilities.
+
+    This class is not instantiated directly, call `getGlobalNamespace` to start
+    the registration process.
+*/
+class Namespace : public detail::Registrar
+{
+  //============================================================================
+  /**
+    Error reporting.
+
+    VF: This function looks handy, why aren't we using it?
+  */
+#if 0
+  static int luaError (lua_State* L, std::string message)
+  {
+    assert (lua_isstring (L, lua_upvalueindex (1)));
+    std::string s;
+
+    // Get information on the caller's caller to format the message,
+    // so the error appears to originate from the Lua source.
+    lua_Debug ar;
+    int result = lua_getstack (L, 2, &ar);
+    if (result != 0)
+    {
+      lua_getinfo (L, "Sl", &ar);
+      s = ar.short_src;
+      if (ar.currentline != -1)
+      {
+        // poor mans int to string to avoid <strstrream>.
+        lua_pushnumber (L, ar.currentline);
+        s = s + ":" + lua_tostring (L, -1) + ": ";
+        lua_pop (L, 1);
+      }
+    }
+
+    s = s + message;
+
+    return luaL_error (L, s.c_str ());
+  }
+#endif
+
+  /**
+    Factored base to reduce template instantiations.
+  */
+  class ClassBase : public detail::Registrar
+  {
+  public:
+    explicit ClassBase (Namespace& parent)
+      : Registrar (parent)
+    {
+    }
+
+    using Registrar::operator=;
+
+  protected:
+    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+      Create the const table.
+    */
+    void createConstTable (const char* name, bool trueConst = true)
+    {
+      std::string type_name = std::string (trueConst ? "const " : "") + name;
+
+      // Stack: namespace table (ns)
+      lua_newtable (L); // Stack: ns, const table (co)
+      lua_pushvalue (L, -1); // Stack: ns, co, co
+      lua_setmetatable (L, -2); // co.__metatable = co. Stack: ns, co
+
+      lua_pushstring (L, type_name.c_str ());
+      lua_rawsetp (L, -2, getTypeKey ()); // co [typeKey] = name. Stack: ns, co
+
+      lua_pushcfunction (L, &CFunc::indexMetaMethod);
+      rawsetfield (L, -2, "__index");
+
+      lua_pushcfunction (L, &CFunc::newindexObjectMetaMethod);
+      rawsetfield (L, -2, "__newindex");
+
+      lua_newtable (L);
+      lua_rawsetp (L, -2, getPropgetKey ());
+
+      if (Security::hideMetatables ())
+      {
+        lua_pushnil (L);
+        rawsetfield (L, -2, "__metatable");
+      }
+    }
+
+    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+      Create the class table.
+
+      The Lua stack should have the const table on top.
+    */
+    void createClassTable (char const* name)
+    {
+      // Stack: namespace table (ns), const table (co)
+
+      // Class table is the same as const table except the propset table
+      createConstTable (name, false); // Stack: ns, co, cl
+
+      lua_newtable (L); // Stack: ns, co, cl, propset table (ps)
+      lua_rawsetp (L, -2, getPropsetKey ()); // cl [propsetKey] = ps. Stack: ns, co, cl
+
+      lua_pushvalue (L, -2); // Stack: ns, co, cl, co
+      lua_rawsetp(L, -2, getConstKey ()); // cl [constKey] = co. Stack: ns, co, cl
+
+      lua_pushvalue (L, -1); // Stack: ns, co, cl, cl
+      lua_rawsetp (L, -3, getClassKey ()); // co [classKey] = cl. Stack: ns, co, cl
+    }
+
+    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+      Create the static table.
+    */
+    void createStaticTable (char const* name)
+    {
+      // Stack: namespace table (ns), const table (co), class table (cl)
+      lua_newtable (L); // Stack: ns, co, cl, visible static table (vst)
+      lua_newtable (L); // Stack: ns, co, cl, st, static metatable (st)
+      lua_pushvalue (L, -1); // Stack: ns, co, cl, vst, st, st
+      lua_setmetatable (L, -3); // st.__metatable = mt. Stack: ns, co, cl, vst, st
+      lua_insert (L, -2); // Stack: ns, co, cl, st, vst
+      rawsetfield (L, -5, name); // ns [name] = vst. Stack: ns, co, cl, st
+
+#if 0
+      lua_pushlightuserdata (L, this);
+      lua_pushcclosure (L, &tostringMetaMethod, 1);
+      rawsetfield (L, -2, "__tostring");
+#endif
+      lua_pushcfunction (L, &CFunc::indexMetaMethod);
+      rawsetfield (L, -2, "__index");
+
+      lua_pushcfunction (L, &CFunc::newindexStaticMetaMethod);
+      rawsetfield (L, -2, "__newindex");
+
+      lua_newtable (L); // Stack: ns, co, cl, st, proget table (pg)
+      lua_rawsetp (L, -2, getPropgetKey ()); // st [propgetKey] = pg. Stack: ns, co, cl, st
+
+      lua_newtable (L); // Stack: ns, co, cl, st, propset table (ps)
+      lua_rawsetp (L, -2, getPropsetKey ()); // st [propsetKey] = pg. Stack: ns, co, cl, st
+
+      lua_pushvalue (L, -2); // Stack: ns, co, cl, st, cl
+      lua_rawsetp(L, -2, getClassKey()); // st [classKey] = cl. Stack: ns, co, cl, st
+
+      if (Security::hideMetatables ())
+      {
+        lua_pushnil (L);
+        rawsetfield (L, -2, "__metatable");
+      }
+    }
+
+    //==========================================================================
+    /**
+      lua_CFunction to construct a class object wrapped in a container.
+    */
+    template <class Params, class C>
+    static int ctorContainerProxy (lua_State* L)
+    {
+      typedef typename ContainerTraits <C>::Type T;
+      ArgList <Params, 2> args (L);
+      T* const p = Constructor <T, Params>::call (args);
+      UserdataSharedHelper <C, false>::push (L, p);
+      return 1;
+    }
+
+    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+      lua_CFunction to construct a class object in-place in the userdata.
+    */
+    template <class Params, class T>
+    static int ctorPlacementProxy (lua_State* L)
+    {
+      ArgList <Params, 2> args (L);
+      UserdataValue <T>* value = UserdataValue <T>::place (L);
+      Constructor <T, Params>::call (value->getObject (), args);
+      value->commit ();
+      return 1;
+    }
+
+    void assertStackState () const
+    {
+      // Stack: const table (co), class table (cl), static table (st)
+      assert (lua_istable (L, -3));
+      assert (lua_istable (L, -2));
+      assert (lua_istable (L, -1));
+    }
+  };
+
+  //============================================================================
+  //
+  // Class
+  //
+  //============================================================================
+  /**
+    Provides a class registration in a lua_State.
+
+    After construction the Lua stack holds these objects:
+      -1 static table
+      -2 class table
+      -3 const table
+      -4 enclosing namespace table
+  */
+  template <class T>
+  class Class : public ClassBase
+  {
+  public:
+    //==========================================================================
+    /**
+      Register a new class or add to an existing class registration.
+    */
+    Class (char const* name, Namespace& parent)
+      : ClassBase (parent)
+    {
+      assert (lua_istable (L, -1)); // Stack: namespace table (ns)
+      rawgetfield (L, -1, name); // Stack: ns, static table (st) | nil
+
+      if (lua_isnil (L, -1)) // Stack: ns, nil
+      {
+        lua_pop (L, 1); // Stack: ns
+
+        createConstTable (name); // Stack: ns, const table (co)
+        lua_pushcfunction (L, &CFunc::gcMetaMethod <T>); // Stack: ns, co, function
+        rawsetfield (L, -2, "__gc"); // co ["__gc"] = function. Stack: ns, co
+        ++m_stackSize;
+
+        createClassTable (name); // Stack: ns, co, class table (cl)
+        lua_pushcfunction (L, &CFunc::gcMetaMethod <T>); // Stack: ns, co, cl, function
+        rawsetfield (L, -2, "__gc"); // cl ["__gc"] = function. Stack: ns, co, cl
+        ++m_stackSize;
+
+        createStaticTable (name); // Stack: ns, co, cl, st
+        ++m_stackSize;
+
+        // Map T back to its tables.
+        lua_pushvalue (L, -1); // Stack: ns, co, cl, st, st
+        lua_rawsetp (L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, ClassInfo <T>::getStaticKey ()); // Stack: ns, co, cl, st
+        lua_pushvalue (L, -2); // Stack: ns, co, cl, st, cl
+        lua_rawsetp (L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, ClassInfo <T>::getClassKey ()); // Stack: ns, co, cl, st
+        lua_pushvalue (L, -3); // Stack: ns, co, cl, st, co
+        lua_rawsetp (L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, ClassInfo <T>::getConstKey ()); // Stack: ns, co, cl, st
+      }
+      else
+      {
+        assert (lua_istable (L, -1)); // Stack: ns, st
+        ++m_stackSize;
+
+        // Map T back from its stored tables
+
+        lua_rawgetp (L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, ClassInfo <T>::getConstKey ()); // Stack: ns, st, co
+        lua_insert (L, -2); // Stack: ns, co, st
+        ++m_stackSize;
+
+        lua_rawgetp (L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, ClassInfo <T>::getClassKey ()); // Stack: ns, co, st, cl
+        lua_insert (L, -2); // Stack: ns, co, cl, st
+        ++m_stackSize;
+      }
+    }
+
+    //==========================================================================
+    /**
+      Derive a new class.
+    */
+    Class (char const* name, Namespace& parent, void const* const staticKey)
+      : ClassBase (parent)
+    {
+      assert (lua_istable (L, -1)); // Stack: namespace table (ns)
+
+      createConstTable (name); // Stack: ns, const table (co)
+      lua_pushcfunction (L, &CFunc::gcMetaMethod <T>); // Stack: ns, co, function
+      rawsetfield (L, -2, "__gc"); // co ["__gc"] = function. Stack: ns, co
+      ++m_stackSize;
+
+      createClassTable (name); // Stack: ns, co, class table (cl)
+      lua_pushcfunction (L, &CFunc::gcMetaMethod <T>); // Stack: ns, co, cl, function
+      rawsetfield (L, -2, "__gc"); // cl ["__gc"] = function. Stack: ns, co, cl
+      ++m_stackSize;
+
+      createStaticTable (name); // Stack: ns, co, cl, st
+      ++m_stackSize;
+
+      lua_rawgetp (L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, staticKey); // Stack: ns, co, cl, st, parent st (pst) | nil
+      if (lua_isnil (L, -1)) // Stack: ns, co, cl, st, nil
+      {
+        ++m_stackSize;
+        throw std::runtime_error ("Base class is not registered");
+      }
+
+      assert (lua_istable (L, -1)); // Stack: ns, co, cl, st, pst
+
+      lua_rawgetp (L, -1, getClassKey ()); // Stack: ns, co, cl, st, pst, parent cl (pcl)
+      assert (lua_istable (L, -1));
+
+      lua_rawgetp (L, -1, getConstKey ()); // Stack: ns, co, cl, st, pst, pcl, parent co (pco)
+      assert (lua_istable (L, -1));
+
+      lua_rawsetp (L, -6, getParentKey ()); // co [parentKey] = pco. Stack: ns, co, cl, st, pst, pcl
+      lua_rawsetp (L, -4, getParentKey ()); // cl [parentKey] = pcl. Stack: ns, co, cl, st, pst
+      lua_rawsetp (L, -2, getParentKey ()); // st [parentKey] = pst. Stack: ns, co, cl, st
+
+      lua_pushvalue (L, -1); // Stack: ns, co, cl, st, st
+      lua_rawsetp (L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, ClassInfo <T>::getStaticKey ()); // Stack: ns, co, cl, st
+      lua_pushvalue (L, -2); // Stack: ns, co, cl, st, cl
+      lua_rawsetp (L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, ClassInfo <T>::getClassKey ()); // Stack: ns, co, cl, st
+      lua_pushvalue (L, -3); // Stack: ns, co, cl, st, co
+      lua_rawsetp (L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, ClassInfo <T>::getConstKey ()); // Stack: ns, co, cl, st
+    }
+
+    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+      Continue registration in the enclosing namespace.
+    */
+    Namespace endClass ()
+    {
+      assert (m_stackSize > 3);
+      m_stackSize -= 3;
+      lua_pop (L, 3);
+      return Namespace (*this);
+    }
+
+    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+      Add or replace a static data member.
+    */
+    template <class U>
+    Class <T>& addStaticProperty (char const* name, U* pu, bool isWritable = true)
+    {
+      return addStaticData (name, pu, isWritable);
+    }
+
+    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+      Add or replace a static data member.
+    */
+    template <class U>
+    Class <T>& addStaticData (char const* name, U* pu, bool isWritable = true)
+    {
+      assertStackState (); // Stack: const table (co), class table (cl), static table (st)
+
+      lua_pushlightuserdata (L, pu); // Stack: co, cl, st, pointer
+      lua_pushcclosure (L, &CFunc::getVariable <U>, 1); // Stack: co, cl, st, getter
+      CFunc::addGetter (L, name, -2); // Stack: co, cl, st
+
+      if (isWritable)
+      {
+        lua_pushlightuserdata (L, pu); // Stack: co, cl, st, ps, pointer
+        lua_pushcclosure (L, &CFunc::setVariable <U>, 1); // Stack: co, cl, st, ps, setter
+      }
+      else
+      {
+        lua_pushstring (L, name); // Stack: co, cl, st, name
+        lua_pushcclosure (L, &CFunc::readOnlyError, 1); // Stack: co, cl, st, error_fn
+      }
+      CFunc::addSetter (L, name, -2); // Stack: co, cl, st
+
+      return *this;
+    }
+
+    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+      Add or replace a static property member.
+
+      If the set function is null, the property is read-only.
+    */
+    template <class U>
+    Class <T>& addStaticProperty (char const* name, U (*get) (), void (*set) (U) = 0)
+    {
+      assertStackState (); // Stack: const table (co), class table (cl), static table (st)
+
+      lua_pushlightuserdata (L, reinterpret_cast <void*> (get)); // Stack: co, cl, st, function ptr
+      lua_pushcclosure (L, &CFunc::Call <U (*) ()>::f, 1); // Stack: co, cl, st, getter
+      CFunc::addGetter (L, name, -2); // Stack: co, cl, st
+
+      if (set != 0)
+      {
+        lua_pushlightuserdata (L, reinterpret_cast <void*> (set)); // Stack: co, cl, st, function ptr
+        lua_pushcclosure (L, &CFunc::Call <void (*) (U)>::f, 1); // Stack: co, cl, st, setter
+      }
+      else
+      {
+        lua_pushstring (L, name); // Stack: co, cl, st, ps, name
+        lua_pushcclosure (L, &CFunc::readOnlyError, 1); // Stack: co, cl, st, error_fn
+      }
+      CFunc::addSetter (L, name, -2); // Stack: co, cl, st
+
+      return *this;
+    }
+
+    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+      Add or replace a static member function.
+    */
+    template <class FP>
+    Class <T>& addStaticFunction (char const* name, FP const fp)
+    {
+      assertStackState (); // Stack: const table (co), class table (cl), static table (st)
+
+      lua_pushlightuserdata (L, reinterpret_cast <void*> (fp)); // Stack: co, cl, st, function ptr
+      lua_pushcclosure (L, &CFunc::Call <FP>::f, 1); // co, cl, st, function
+      rawsetfield (L, -2, name); // co, cl, st
+
+      return *this;
+    }
+
+    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+      Add or replace a lua_CFunction.
+    */
+    Class <T>& addStaticFunction (char const* name, int (*const fp) (lua_State*))
+    {
+      return addStaticCFunction (name, fp);
+    }
+
+    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+      Add or replace a lua_CFunction.
+    */
+    Class <T>& addStaticCFunction (char const* name, int (*const fp) (lua_State*))
+    {
+      assertStackState (); // Stack: const table (co), class table (cl), static table (st)
+
+      lua_pushcfunction (L, fp); // co, cl, st, function
+      rawsetfield (L, -2, name); // co, cl, st
+
+      return *this;
+    }
+
+    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+      Add or replace a data member.
+    */
+    template <class U>
+    Class <T>& addProperty (char const* name, U T::* mp, bool isWritable = true)
+    {
+      return addData (name, mp, isWritable);
+    }
+
+    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+      Add or replace a data member.
+    */
+    template <class U>
+    Class <T>& addData (char const* name, U T::* mp, bool isWritable = true)
+    {
+      assertStackState (); // Stack: const table (co), class table (cl), static table (st)
+
+      typedef const U T::*mp_t;
+      new (lua_newuserdata (L, sizeof (mp_t))) mp_t (mp); // Stack: co, cl, st, field ptr
+      lua_pushcclosure (L, &CFunc::getProperty <T, U>, 1); // Stack: co, cl, st, getter
+      lua_pushvalue (L, -1); // Stack: co, cl, st, getter, getter
+      CFunc::addGetter (L, name, -5); // Stack: co, cl, st, getter
+      CFunc::addGetter (L, name, -3); // Stack: co, cl, st
+
+      if (isWritable)
+      {
+        new (lua_newuserdata (L, sizeof (mp_t))) mp_t (mp); // Stack: co, cl, st, field ptr
+        lua_pushcclosure (L, &CFunc::setProperty <T, U>, 1); // Stack: co, cl, st, setter
+        CFunc::addSetter (L, name, -3); // Stack: co, cl, st
+      }
+
+      return *this;
+    }
+
+    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+      Add or replace a property member.
+    */
+    template <class TG, class TS = TG>
+    Class <T>& addProperty (char const* name, TG (T::* get) () const, void (T::* set) (TS) = 0)
+    {
+      assertStackState (); // Stack: const table (co), class table (cl), static table (st)
+
+      typedef TG (T::*get_t) () const;
+      new (lua_newuserdata (L, sizeof (get_t))) get_t (get); // Stack: co, cl, st, funcion ptr
+      lua_pushcclosure (L, &CFunc::CallConstMember <get_t>::f, 1); // Stack: co, cl, st, getter
+      lua_pushvalue (L, -1); // Stack: co, cl, st, getter, getter
+      CFunc::addGetter (L, name, -5); // Stack: co, cl, st, getter
+      CFunc::addGetter (L, name, -3); // Stack: co, cl, st
+
+      if (set != 0)
+      {
+        typedef void (T::* set_t) (TS);
+        new (lua_newuserdata (L, sizeof (set_t))) set_t (set); // Stack: co, cl, st, function ptr
+        lua_pushcclosure (L, &CFunc::CallMember <set_t>::f, 1); // Stack: co, cl, st, setter
+        CFunc::addSetter (L, name, -3); // Stack: co, cl, st
+      }
+
+      return *this;
+    }
+
+    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+      Add or replace a property member.
+    */
+    template <class TG, class TS = TG>
+    Class <T>& addProperty (char const* name, TG (T::* get) (lua_State*) const, void (T::* set) (TS, lua_State*) = 0)
+    {
+      assertStackState (); // Stack: const table (co), class table (cl), static table (st)
+
+      typedef TG (T::*get_t) (lua_State*) const;
+      new (lua_newuserdata (L, sizeof (get_t))) get_t (get); // Stack: co, cl, st, funcion ptr
+      lua_pushcclosure (L, &CFunc::CallConstMember <get_t>::f, 1); // Stack: co, cl, st, getter
+      lua_pushvalue (L, -1); // Stack: co, cl, st, getter, getter
+      CFunc::addGetter (L, name, -5); // Stack: co, cl, st, getter
+      CFunc::addGetter (L, name, -3); // Stack: co, cl, st
+
+      if (set != 0)
+      {
+        typedef void (T::* set_t) (TS, lua_State*);
+        new (lua_newuserdata (L, sizeof (set_t))) set_t (set); // Stack: co, cl, st, function ptr
+        lua_pushcclosure (L, &CFunc::CallMember <set_t>::f, 1); // Stack: co, cl, st, setter
+        CFunc::addSetter (L, name, -3); // Stack: co, cl, st
+      }
+
+      return *this;
+    }
+
+    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+      Add or replace a property member, by proxy.
+
+      When a class is closed for modification and does not provide (or cannot
+      provide) the function signatures necessary to implement get or set for
+      a property, this will allow non-member functions act as proxies.
+
+      Both the get and the set functions require a T const* and T* in the first
+      argument respectively.
+    */
+    template <class TG, class TS = TG>
+    Class <T>& addProperty (char const* name, TG (*get) (T const*), void (*set) (T*, TS) = 0)
+    {
+      assertStackState (); // Stack: const table (co), class table (cl), static table (st)
+
+      lua_pushlightuserdata (L, reinterpret_cast <void*> (get)); // Stack: co, cl, st, function ptr
+      lua_pushcclosure (L, &CFunc::Call <TG (*) (const T*)>::f, 1); // Stack: co, cl, st, getter
+      lua_pushvalue (L, -1); // Stack: co, cl, st,, getter, getter
+      CFunc::addGetter (L, name, -5); // Stack: co, cl, st, getter
+      CFunc::addGetter (L, name, -3); // Stack: co, cl, st
+
+      if (set != 0)
+      {
+        lua_pushlightuserdata (L, reinterpret_cast <void*> (set)); // Stack: co, cl, st, function ptr
+        lua_pushcclosure (L, &CFunc::Call <void (*) (T*, TS)>::f, 1); // Stack: co, cl, st, setter
+        CFunc::addSetter (L, name, -3); // Stack: co, cl, st
+      }
+
+      return *this;
+    }
+
+    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+      Add or replace a property member, by proxy C-function.
+
+      When a class is closed for modification and does not provide (or cannot
+      provide) the function signatures necessary to implement get or set for
+      a property, this will allow non-member functions act as proxies.
+
+      The object userdata ('this') value is at the index 1.
+      The new value for set function is at the index 2.
+    */
+    Class <T>& addProperty (char const* name, int (*get) (lua_State*), int (*set) (lua_State*) = 0)
+    {
+      assertStackState (); // Stack: const table (co), class table (cl), static table (st)
+
+      lua_pushcfunction (L, get);
+      lua_pushvalue (L, -1); // Stack: co, cl, st,, getter, getter
+      CFunc::addGetter (L, name, -5); // Stack: co, cl, st,, getter
+      CFunc::addGetter (L, name, -3); // Stack: co, cl, st,
+
+      if (set != 0)
+      {
+        lua_pushcfunction (L, set);
+        CFunc::addSetter (L, name, -3); // Stack: co, cl, st,
+      }
+
+      return *this;
+    }
+
+#ifdef LUABRIDGE_CXX11
+    template <class TG, class TS = TG>
+    Class <T>& addProperty (char const* name,
+      std::function <TG (const T*)> get,
+      std::function <void (T*, TS)> set = nullptr)
+    {
+      using GetType = decltype (get);
+      new (lua_newuserdata (L, sizeof (get))) GetType (std::move (get)); // Stack: co, cl, st, function userdata (ud)
+      lua_newtable (L); // Stack: co, cl, st, ud, ud metatable (mt)
+      lua_pushcfunction (L, &CFunc::gcMetaMethodAny <GetType>); // Stack: co, cl, st, ud, mt, gc function
+      rawsetfield (L, -2, "__gc"); // Stack: co, cl, st, ud, mt
+      lua_setmetatable (L, -2); // Stack: co, cl, st, ud
+      lua_pushcclosure (L, &CFunc::CallProxyFunctor <GetType>::f, 1); // Stack: co, cl, st, getter
+      lua_pushvalue (L, -1); // Stack: co, cl, st, getter, getter
+      CFunc::addGetter (L, name, -4); // Stack: co, cl, st, getter
+      CFunc::addGetter (L, name, -4); // Stack: co, cl, st
+
+      if (set != nullptr)
+      {
+        using SetType = decltype (set);
+        new (lua_newuserdata (L, sizeof (set))) SetType (std::move (set)); // Stack: co, cl, st, function userdata (ud)
+        lua_newtable (L); // Stack: co, cl, st, ud, ud metatable (mt)
+        lua_pushcfunction (L, &CFunc::gcMetaMethodAny <SetType>); // Stack: co, cl, st, ud, mt, gc function
+        rawsetfield (L, -2, "__gc"); // Stack: co, cl, st, ud, mt
+        lua_setmetatable (L, -2); // Stack: co, cl, st, ud
+        lua_pushcclosure (L, &CFunc::CallProxyFunctor <SetType>::f, 1); // Stack: co, cl, st, setter
+        CFunc::addSetter (L, name, -3); // Stack: co, cl, st
+      }
+
+      return *this;
+    }
+
+#endif // LUABRIDGE_CXX11
+
+#ifndef LUABRIDGE_CXX11
+
+    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+        Add or replace a member function.
+    */
+    template <class MemFn>
+    Class <T>& addFunction (char const* name, MemFn mf)
+    {
+      assertStackState (); // Stack: const table (co), class table (cl), static table (st)
+
+      static const std::string GC = "__gc";
+      if (name == GC)
+      {
+        throw std::logic_error (GC + " metamethod registration is forbidden");
+      }
+      CFunc::CallMemberFunctionHelper <MemFn, FuncTraits <MemFn>::isConstMemberFunction>::add (L, name, mf);
+      return *this;
+    }
+
+#else // ifndef LUABRIDGE_CXX11
+
+    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+        Add or replace a member function by std::function.
+    */
+    template <class ReturnType, class... Params>
+    Class <T>& addFunction (char const* name, std::function <ReturnType (T*, Params...)> function)
+    {
+      assertStackState (); // Stack: const table (co), class table (cl), static table (st)
+
+      using FnType = decltype (function);
+      new (lua_newuserdata (L, sizeof (function))) FnType (std::move (function)); // Stack: co, cl, st, function userdata (ud)
+      lua_newtable (L); // Stack: co, cl, st, ud, ud metatable (mt)
+      lua_pushcfunction (L, &CFunc::gcMetaMethodAny <FnType>); // Stack: co, cl, st, ud, mt, gc function
+      rawsetfield (L, -2, "__gc"); // Stack: co, cl, st, ud, mt
+      lua_setmetatable (L, -2); // Stack: co, cl, st, ud
+      lua_pushcclosure (L, &CFunc::CallProxyFunctor <FnType>::f, 1); // Stack: co, cl, st, function
+      rawsetfield (L, -3, name); // Stack: co, cl, st
+
+      return *this;
+    }
+
+    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+        Add or replace a const member function by std::function.
+    */
+    template <class ReturnType, class... Params>
+    Class <T>& addFunction (char const* name, std::function <ReturnType (const T*, Params...)> function)
+    {
+      assertStackState (); // Stack: const table (co), class table (cl), static table (st)
+
+      using FnType = decltype (function);
+      new (lua_newuserdata (L, sizeof (function))) FnType (std::move (function)); // Stack: co, cl, st, function userdata (ud)
+      lua_newtable (L); // Stack: co, cl, st, ud, ud metatable (mt)
+      lua_pushcfunction (L, &CFunc::gcMetaMethodAny <FnType>); // Stack: co, cl, st, ud, mt, gc function
+      rawsetfield (L, -2, "__gc"); // Stack: co, cl, st, ud, mt
+      lua_setmetatable (L, -2); // Stack: co, cl, st, ud
+      lua_pushcclosure (L, &CFunc::CallProxyFunctor <FnType>::f, 1); // Stack: co, cl, st, function
+      lua_pushvalue (L, -1); // Stack: co, cl, st, function, function
+      rawsetfield (L, -4, name); // Stack: co, cl, st, function
+      rawsetfield (L, -4, name); // Stack: co, cl, st
+
+      return *this;
+    }
+
+    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+        Add or replace a member function.
+    */
+    template <class ReturnType, class... Params>
+    Class <T>& addFunction (char const* name, ReturnType (T::* mf) (Params...))
+    {
+      using MemFn = ReturnType (T::*) (Params...);
+
+      assertStackState (); // Stack: const table (co), class table (cl), static table (st)
+
+      static const std::string GC = "__gc";
+      if (name == GC)
+      {
+        throw std::logic_error (GC + " metamethod registration is forbidden");
+      }
+      CFunc::CallMemberFunctionHelper <MemFn, false>::add (L, name, mf);
+      return *this;
+    }
+
+    template <class ReturnType, class... Params>
+    Class <T>& addFunction (char const* name, ReturnType (T::* mf) (Params...) const)
+    {
+      using MemFn = ReturnType (T::*) (Params...) const;
+
+      assertStackState (); // Stack: const table (co), class table (cl), static table (st)
+
+      static const std::string GC = "__gc";
+      if (name == GC)
+      {
+        throw std::logic_error (GC + " metamethod registration is forbidden");
+      }
+      CFunc::CallMemberFunctionHelper <MemFn, true>::add (L, name, mf);
+      return *this;
+    }
+
+    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+        Add or replace a proxy function.
+    */
+    template <class ReturnType, class... Params>
+    Class <T>& addFunction (char const* name, ReturnType (*proxyFn) (T* object, Params...))
+    {
+      assertStackState (); // Stack: const table (co), class table (cl), static table (st)
+
+      static const std::string GC = "__gc";
+      if (name == GC)
+      {
+        throw std::logic_error (GC + " metamethod registration is forbidden");
+      }
+      using FnType = decltype (proxyFn);
+      lua_pushlightuserdata (L, reinterpret_cast <void*> (proxyFn)); // Stack: co, cl, st, function ptr
+      lua_pushcclosure (L, &CFunc::CallProxyFunction <FnType>::f, 1); // Stack: co, cl, st, function
+      rawsetfield (L, -3, name); // Stack: co, cl, st
+      return *this;
+    }
+
+    template <class ReturnType, class... Params>
+    Class <T>& addFunction (char const* name, ReturnType (*proxyFn) (const T* object, Params...))
+    {
+      assertStackState (); // Stack: const table (co), class table (cl), static table (st)
+
+      static const std::string GC = "__gc";
+      if (name == GC)
+      {
+        throw std::logic_error (GC + " metamethod registration is forbidden");
+      }
+      using FnType = decltype (proxyFn);
+      lua_pushlightuserdata (L, reinterpret_cast <void*> (proxyFn)); // Stack: co, cl, st, function ptr
+      lua_pushcclosure (L, &CFunc::CallProxyFunction <FnType>::f, 1); // Stack: co, cl, st, function
+      lua_pushvalue (L, -1); // Stack: co, cl, st, function, function
+      rawsetfield (L, -4, name); // Stack: co, cl, st, function
+      rawsetfield (L, -4, name); // Stack: co, cl, st
+      return *this;
+    }
+
+#endif
+
+    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+        Add or replace a member lua_CFunction.
+    */
+    Class <T>& addFunction (char const* name, int (T::*mfp) (lua_State*))
+    {
+      return addCFunction (name, mfp);
+    }
+
+    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+        Add or replace a member lua_CFunction.
+    */
+    Class <T>& addCFunction (char const* name, int (T::*mfp) (lua_State*))
+    {
+      assertStackState (); // Stack: const table (co), class table (cl), static table (st)
+
+      typedef int (T::*MFP) (lua_State*);
+      new (lua_newuserdata (L, sizeof (mfp))) MFP (mfp); // Stack: co, cl, st, function ptr
+      lua_pushcclosure (L, &CFunc::CallMemberCFunction <T>::f, 1); // Stack: co, cl, st, function
+      rawsetfield (L, -3, name); // Stack: co, cl, st
+
+      return *this;
+    }
+
+    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+        Add or replace a const member lua_CFunction.
+    */
+    Class <T>& addFunction (char const* name, int (T::*mfp) (lua_State*) const)
+    {
+      return addCFunction (name, mfp);
+    }
+
+    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+        Add or replace a const member lua_CFunction.
+    */
+    Class <T>& addCFunction (char const* name, int (T::*mfp) (lua_State*) const)
+    {
+      assertStackState (); // Stack: const table (co), class table (cl), static table (st)
+
+      typedef int (T::*MFP) (lua_State*) const;
+      new (lua_newuserdata (L, sizeof (mfp))) MFP (mfp);
+      lua_pushcclosure (L, &CFunc::CallConstMemberCFunction <T>::f, 1);
+      lua_pushvalue (L, -1); // Stack: co, cl, st, function, function
+      rawsetfield (L, -4, name); // Stack: co, cl, st, function
+      rawsetfield (L, -4, name); // Stack: co, cl, st
+
+      return *this;
+    }
+
+    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    /**
+      Add or replace a primary Constructor.
+
+      The primary Constructor is invoked when calling the class type table
+      like a function.
+
+      The template parameter should be a function pointer type that matches
+      the desired Constructor (since you can't take the address of a Constructor
+      and pass it as an argument).
+    */
+    template <class MemFn, class C>
+    Class <T>& addConstructor ()
+    {
+      assertStackState (); // Stack: const table (co), class table (cl), static table (st)
+
+      lua_pushcclosure (L, &ctorContainerProxy <typename FuncTraits <MemFn>::Params, C>, 0);
+      rawsetfield (L, -2, "__call");
+
+      return *this;
+    }
+
+    template <class MemFn>
+    Class <T>& addConstructor ()
+    {
+      assertStackState (); // Stack: const table (co), class table (cl), static table (st)
+
+      lua_pushcclosure (L, &ctorPlacementProxy <typename FuncTraits <MemFn>::Params, T>, 0);
+      rawsetfield (L, -2, "__call");
+
+      return *this;
+    }
+  };
+
+private:
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Open the global namespace for registrations.
+  */
+  explicit Namespace (lua_State* L)
+    : Registrar (L)
+  {
+    lua_getglobal (L, "_G");
+    ++m_stackSize;
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Open a namespace for registrations.
+
+      The namespace is created if it doesn't already exist.
+      The parent namespace is at the top of the Lua stack.
+  */
+  Namespace (char const* name, Namespace& parent)
+    : Registrar (parent)
+  {
+    assert (lua_istable (L, -1)); // Stack: parent namespace (pns)
+
+    rawgetfield (L, -1, name); // Stack: pns, namespace (ns) | nil
+
+    if (lua_isnil (L, -1)) // Stack: pns, nil
+    {
+      lua_pop (L, 1); // Stack: pns
+
+      lua_newtable (L); // Stack: pns, ns
+      lua_pushvalue (L, -1); // Stack: pns, ns, ns
+
+      // na.__metatable = ns
+      lua_setmetatable (L, -2); // Stack: pns, ns
+
+      // ns.__index = indexMetaMethod
+      lua_pushcfunction (L, &CFunc::indexMetaMethod);
+      rawsetfield (L, -2, "__index"); // Stack: pns, ns
+
+      // ns.__newindex = newindexMetaMethod
+      lua_pushcfunction (L, &CFunc::newindexStaticMetaMethod);
+      rawsetfield (L, -2, "__newindex"); // Stack: pns, ns
+
+      lua_newtable (L); // Stack: pns, ns, propget table (pg)
+      lua_rawsetp (L, -2, getPropgetKey ()); // ns [propgetKey] = pg. Stack: pns, ns
+
+      lua_newtable (L); // Stack: pns, ns, propset table (ps)
+      lua_rawsetp (L, -2, getPropsetKey ()); // ns [propsetKey] = ps. Stack: pns, ns
+
+      // pns [name] = ns
+      lua_pushvalue (L, -1); // Stack: pns, ns, ns
+      rawsetfield (L, -3, name); // Stack: pns, ns
+#if 0
+      lua_pushcfunction (L, &tostringMetaMethod);
+      rawsetfield (L, -2, "__tostring");
+#endif
+    }
+
+    ++m_stackSize;
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Close the class and continue the namespace registrations.
+  */
+  explicit Namespace (ClassBase& child)
+    : Registrar (child)
+  {
+  }
+
+  using Registrar::operator=;
+
+public:
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Open the global namespace.
+  */
+  static Namespace getGlobalNamespace (lua_State* L)
+  {
+    enableExceptions (L);
+    return Namespace (L);
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Open a new or existing namespace for registrations.
+  */
+  Namespace beginNamespace (char const* name)
+  {
+    assertIsActive ();
+    return Namespace (name, *this);
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Continue namespace registration in the parent.
+
+      Do not use this on the global namespace.
+  */
+  Namespace endNamespace ()
+  {
+    if (m_stackSize == 1)
+    {
+      throw std::logic_error ("endNamespace () called on global namespace");
+    }
+
+    assert (m_stackSize > 1);
+    --m_stackSize;
+    lua_pop (L, 1);
+    return Namespace (*this);
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Add or replace a variable.
+  */
+  template <class T>
+  Namespace& addProperty (char const* name, T* pt, bool isWritable = true)
+  {
+    return addVariable (name, pt, isWritable);
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Add or replace a variable.
+  */
+  template <class T>
+  Namespace& addVariable (char const* name, T* pt, bool isWritable = true)
+  {
+    if (m_stackSize == 1)
+    {
+      throw std::logic_error ("addProperty () called on global namespace");
+    }
+
+    assert (lua_istable (L, -1)); // Stack: namespace table (ns)
+
+    lua_pushlightuserdata (L, pt); // Stack: ns, pointer
+    lua_pushcclosure (L, &CFunc::getVariable <T>, 1); // Stack: ns, getter
+    CFunc::addGetter (L, name, -2); // Stack: ns
+
+    if (isWritable)
+    {
+      lua_pushlightuserdata (L, pt); // Stack: ns, pointer
+      lua_pushcclosure (L, &CFunc::setVariable <T>, 1); // Stack: ns, setter
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      lua_pushstring (L, name); // Stack: ns, ps, name
+      lua_pushcclosure (L, &CFunc::readOnlyError, 1); // Stack: ns, error_fn
+    }
+    CFunc::addSetter (L, name, -2); // Stack: ns
+
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Add or replace a property.
+
+      If the set function is omitted or null, the property is read-only.
+  */
+  template <class TG, class TS = TG>
+  Namespace& addProperty (char const* name, TG (*get) (), void (*set) (TS) = 0)
+  {
+    if (m_stackSize == 1)
+    {
+      throw std::logic_error ("addProperty () called on global namespace");
+    }
+
+    assert (lua_istable (L, -1)); // Stack: namespace table (ns)
+
+    lua_pushlightuserdata (L, reinterpret_cast <void*> (get)); // Stack: ns, function ptr
+    lua_pushcclosure (L, &CFunc::Call <TG (*) ()>::f, 1); // Stack: ns, getter
+    CFunc::addGetter (L, name, -2);
+
+    if (set != 0)
+    {
+      lua_pushlightuserdata(L, reinterpret_cast <void*> (set)); // Stack: ns, function ptr
+      lua_pushcclosure (L, &CFunc::Call <void (*) (TS)>::f, 1);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      lua_pushstring (L, name);
+      lua_pushcclosure (L, &CFunc::readOnlyError, 1);
+    }
+    CFunc::addSetter (L, name, -2);
+
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Add or replace a property.
+      If the set function is omitted or null, the property is read-only.
+  */
+  Namespace& addProperty (char const* name, int (*get) (lua_State*), int (*set) (lua_State*) = 0)
+  {
+    if (m_stackSize == 1)
+    {
+      throw std::logic_error ("addProperty () called on global namespace");
+    }
+
+    assert (lua_istable (L, -1)); // Stack: namespace table (ns)
+    lua_pushcfunction (L, get); // Stack: ns, getter
+    CFunc::addGetter (L, name, -2); // Stack: ns
+    if (set != 0)
+    {
+      lua_pushcfunction(L, set); // Stack: ns, setter
+      CFunc::addSetter(L, name, -2); // Stack: ns
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      lua_pushstring(L, name); // Stack: ns, name
+      lua_pushcclosure(L, &CFunc::readOnlyError, 1); // Stack: ns, name, readOnlyError
+      CFunc::addSetter(L, name, -2); // Stack: ns
+    }
+
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Add or replace a free function.
+  */
+  template <class FP>
+  Namespace& addFunction (char const* name, FP const fp)
+  {
+    assert (lua_istable (L, -1)); // Stack: namespace table (ns)
+
+    lua_pushlightuserdata (L, reinterpret_cast <void*> (fp)); // Stack: ns, function ptr
+    lua_pushcclosure (L, &CFunc::Call <FP>::f, 1); // Stack: ns, function
+    rawsetfield (L, -2, name); // Stack: ns
+
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Add or replace a lua_CFunction.
+  */
+  Namespace& addFunction (char const* name, int (*const fp) (lua_State*))
+  {
+    return addCFunction (name, fp);
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Add or replace a lua_CFunction.
+  */
+  Namespace& addCFunction (char const* name, int (*const fp) (lua_State*))
+  {
+    assert (lua_istable (L, -1)); // Stack: namespace table (ns)
+
+    lua_pushcfunction (L, fp); // Stack: ns, function
+    rawsetfield (L, -2, name); // Stack: ns
+
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Open a new or existing class for registrations.
+  */
+  template <class T>
+  Class <T> beginClass (char const* name)
+  {
+    assertIsActive ();
+    return Class <T> (name, *this);
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+      Derive a new class for registrations.
+
+      To continue registrations for the class later, use beginClass ().
+      Do not call deriveClass () again.
+  */
+  template <class Derived, class Base>
+  Class <Derived> deriveClass (char const* name)
+  {
+    assertIsActive ();
+    return Class <Derived> (name, *this, ClassInfo <Base>::getStaticKey ());
+  }
+};
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+    Retrieve the global namespace.
+
+    It is recommended to put your namespace inside the global namespace, and
+    then add your classes and functions to it, rather than adding many classes
+    and functions directly to the global namespace.
+*/
+inline Namespace getGlobalNamespace (lua_State* L)
+{
+  return Namespace::getGlobalNamespace (L);
+}
+
+} // namespace luabridge

lib/lua/3rd/LuaBridge/detail/Security.h

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+#pragma once
+
+namespace luabridge {
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+security options.
+*/
+class Security
+{
+public:
+  static bool hideMetatables()
+  {
+    return getSettings().hideMetatables;
+  }
+
+  static void setHideMetatables(bool shouldHide)
+  {
+    getSettings().hideMetatables = shouldHide;
+  }
+
+private:
+  struct Settings
+  {
+    Settings() : hideMetatables(true)
+    {
+    }
+
+    bool hideMetatables;
+  };
+
+  static Settings& getSettings()
+  {
+    static Settings settings;
+    return settings;
+  }
+};
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+Set a global value in the lua_State.
+
+@note This works on any type specialized by `Stack`, including `LuaRef` and
+its table proxies.
+*/
+template <class T>
+inline void setGlobal(lua_State* L, T t, char const* name)
+{
+  push(L, t);
+  lua_setglobal(L, name);
+}
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+Change whether or not metatables are hidden (on by default).
+*/
+inline void setHideMetatables(bool shouldHide)
+{
+  Security::setHideMetatables(shouldHide);
+}
+
+} // namespace luabridge

lib/lua/3rd/LuaBridge/detail/Stack.h

@@ -0,0 +1,622 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/*
+  https://github.com/vinniefalco/LuaBridge
+
+  Copyright 2019, Dmitry Tarakanov
+  Copyright 2012, Vinnie Falco <vinnie.falco@gmail.com>
+  Copyright 2007, Nathan Reed
+
+  License: The MIT License (http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php)
+
+  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+  in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+  to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+  copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+  copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+  OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+  SOFTWARE.
+*/
+//==============================================================================
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <LuaBridge/detail/LuaHelpers.h>
+#include <LuaBridge/detail/Userdata.h>
+
+#include <string>
+
+namespace luabridge {
+
+template <class T>
+struct Stack;
+
+template <>
+struct Stack <void>
+{
+  static void push (lua_State* L)
+  {
+  }
+};
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+    Receive the lua_State* as an argument.
+*/
+template <>
+struct Stack <lua_State*>
+{
+  static lua_State* get (lua_State* L, int)
+  {
+    return L;
+  }
+};
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+    Push a lua_CFunction.
+*/
+template <>
+struct Stack <lua_CFunction>
+{
+  static void push (lua_State* L, lua_CFunction f)
+  {
+    lua_pushcfunction (L, f);
+  }
+
+  static lua_CFunction get (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return lua_tocfunction (L, index);
+  }
+
+  static bool isInstance (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return lua_iscfunction (L, index);
+  }
+};
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+    Stack specialization for `int`.
+*/
+template <>
+struct Stack <int>
+{
+  static void push (lua_State* L, int value)
+  {
+    lua_pushinteger (L, static_cast <lua_Integer> (value));
+  }
+  
+  static int get (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return static_cast <int> (luaL_checkinteger (L, index));
+  }
+
+  static bool isInstance (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return lua_type (L, index) == LUA_TNUMBER;
+  }
+};
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+    Stack specialization for `unsigned int`.
+*/
+template <>
+struct Stack <unsigned int>
+{
+  static void push (lua_State* L, unsigned int value)
+  {
+    lua_pushinteger (L, static_cast <lua_Integer> (value));
+  }
+  
+  static unsigned int get (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return static_cast <unsigned int> (luaL_checkinteger (L, index));
+  }
+
+  static bool isInstance (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return lua_type (L, index) == LUA_TNUMBER;
+  }
+};
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+    Stack specialization for `unsigned char`.
+*/
+template <>
+struct Stack <unsigned char>
+{
+  static void push (lua_State* L, unsigned char value)
+  {
+    lua_pushinteger (L, static_cast <lua_Integer> (value));
+  }
+  
+  static unsigned char get (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return static_cast <unsigned char> (luaL_checkinteger (L, index));
+  }
+
+  static bool isInstance (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return lua_type (L, index) == LUA_TNUMBER;
+  }
+};
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+    Stack specialization for `short`.
+*/
+template <>
+struct Stack <short>
+{
+  static void push (lua_State* L, short value)
+  {
+    lua_pushinteger (L, static_cast <lua_Integer> (value));
+  }
+  
+  static short get (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return static_cast <short> (luaL_checkinteger (L, index));
+  }
+
+  static bool isInstance (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return lua_type (L, index) == LUA_TNUMBER;
+  }
+};
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+    Stack specialization for `unsigned short`.
+*/
+template <>
+struct Stack <unsigned short>
+{
+  static void push (lua_State* L, unsigned short value)
+  {
+    lua_pushinteger (L, static_cast <lua_Integer> (value));
+  }
+  
+  static unsigned short get (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return static_cast <unsigned short> (luaL_checkinteger (L, index));
+  }
+
+  static bool isInstance (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return lua_type (L, index) == LUA_TNUMBER;
+  }
+};
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+    Stack specialization for `long`.
+*/
+template <>
+struct Stack <long>
+{
+  static void push (lua_State* L, long value)
+  {
+    lua_pushinteger (L, static_cast <lua_Integer> (value));
+  }
+  
+  static long get (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return static_cast <long> (luaL_checkinteger (L, index));
+  }
+
+  static bool isInstance (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return lua_type (L, index) == LUA_TNUMBER;
+  }
+};
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+    Stack specialization for `unsigned long`.
+*/
+template <>
+struct Stack <unsigned long>
+{
+  static void push (lua_State* L, unsigned long value)
+  {
+    lua_pushinteger (L, static_cast <lua_Integer> (value));
+  }
+  
+  static unsigned long get (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return static_cast <unsigned long> (luaL_checkinteger (L, index));
+  }
+
+  static bool isInstance (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return lua_type (L, index) == LUA_TNUMBER;
+  }
+};
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+ * Stack specialization for `long long`.
+ */
+template <>
+struct Stack <long long>
+{
+  static void push (lua_State* L, long long value)
+  {
+    lua_pushinteger (L, static_cast <lua_Integer> (value));
+  }
+
+  static long long get (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return static_cast <long long> (luaL_checkinteger (L, index));
+  }
+
+  static bool isInstance (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return lua_type (L, index) == LUA_TNUMBER;
+  }
+};
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+ * Stack specialization for `unsigned long long`.
+ */
+template <>
+struct Stack <unsigned long long>
+{
+  static void push (lua_State* L, unsigned long long value)
+  {
+    lua_pushinteger (L, static_cast <lua_Integer> (value));
+  }
+  static unsigned long long get (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return static_cast <unsigned long long> (luaL_checkinteger (L, index));
+  }
+
+  static bool isInstance (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return lua_type (L, index) == LUA_TNUMBER;
+  }
+};
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+    Stack specialization for `float`.
+*/
+template <>
+struct Stack <float>
+{
+  static void push (lua_State* L, float value)
+  {
+    lua_pushnumber (L, static_cast <lua_Number> (value));
+  }
+  
+  static float get (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return static_cast <float> (luaL_checknumber (L, index));
+  }
+
+  static bool isInstance (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return lua_type (L, index) == LUA_TNUMBER;
+  }
+};
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+    Stack specialization for `double`.
+*/
+template <>
+struct Stack <double>
+{
+  static void push (lua_State* L, double value)
+  {
+    lua_pushnumber (L, static_cast <lua_Number> (value));
+  }
+  
+  static double get (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return static_cast <double> (luaL_checknumber (L, index));
+  }
+
+  static bool isInstance (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return lua_type (L, index) == LUA_TNUMBER;
+  }
+};
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+    Stack specialization for `bool`.
+*/
+template <>
+struct Stack <bool>
+{
+  static void push (lua_State* L, bool value)
+  {
+    lua_pushboolean (L, value ? 1 : 0);
+  }
+  
+  static bool get (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return lua_toboolean (L, index) ? true : false;
+  }
+
+  static bool isInstance (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return lua_isboolean (L, index);
+  }
+};
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+    Stack specialization for `char`.
+*/
+template <>
+struct Stack <char>
+{
+  static void push (lua_State* L, char value)
+  {
+    lua_pushlstring (L, &value, 1);
+  }
+  
+  static char get (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return luaL_checkstring (L, index) [0];
+  }
+
+  static bool isInstance (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return lua_type (L, index) == LUA_TSTRING;
+  }
+};
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+    Stack specialization for `const char*`.
+*/
+template <>
+struct Stack <char const*>
+{
+  static void push (lua_State* L, char const* str)
+  {
+    if (str != 0)
+      lua_pushstring (L, str);
+    else
+      lua_pushnil (L);
+  }
+
+  static char const* get (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return lua_isnil (L, index) ? 0 : luaL_checkstring (L, index);
+  }
+
+  static bool isInstance (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return lua_isnil (L, index) || lua_type (L, index) == LUA_TSTRING;
+  }
+};
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+    Stack specialization for `std::string`.
+*/
+template <>
+struct Stack <std::string>
+{
+  static void push (lua_State* L, std::string const& str)
+  {
+    lua_pushlstring (L, str.data (), str.size ());
+  }
+
+  static std::string get (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    size_t len;
+    if (lua_type (L, index) == LUA_TSTRING)
+    {
+      const char* str = lua_tolstring (L, index, &len);
+      return std::string (str, len);
+    }
+
+    // Lua reference manual:
+    // If the value is a number, then lua_tolstring also changes the actual value in the stack to a string.
+    // (This change confuses lua_next when lua_tolstring is applied to keys during a table traversal.)
+    lua_pushvalue (L, index);
+    const char* str = lua_tolstring(L, -1, &len);
+    std::string string (str, len);
+    lua_pop (L, 1); // Pop the temporary string
+    return string;
+  }
+
+  static bool isInstance (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return lua_type (L, index) == LUA_TSTRING;
+  }
+};
+
+
+template <class T>
+struct StackOpSelector <T&, false>
+{
+  typedef T ReturnType;
+
+  static void push (lua_State* L, T& value)
+  {
+    Stack <T>::push (L, value);
+  }
+
+  static ReturnType get (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return Stack <T>::get (L, index);
+  }
+
+  static bool isInstance (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return Stack <T>::isInstance (L, index);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class T>
+struct StackOpSelector <const T&, false>
+{
+  typedef T ReturnType;
+
+  static void push (lua_State* L, const T& value)
+  {
+    Stack <T>::push (L, value);
+  }
+
+  static ReturnType get (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return Stack <T>::get (L, index);
+  }
+
+  static bool isInstance (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return Stack <T>::isInstance (L, index);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class T>
+struct StackOpSelector <T*, false>
+{
+  typedef T ReturnType;
+
+  static void push (lua_State* L, T* value)
+  {
+    Stack <T>::push (L, *value);
+  }
+
+  static ReturnType get (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return Stack <T>::get (L, index);
+  }
+
+  static bool isInstance (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return Stack <T>::isInstance (L, index);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class T>
+struct StackOpSelector <const T*, false>
+{
+  typedef T ReturnType;
+
+  static void push (lua_State* L, const T* value)
+  {
+    Stack <T>::push (L, *value);
+  }
+
+  static ReturnType get (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return Stack <T>::get (L, index);
+  }
+
+  static bool isInstance (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return Stack <T>::isInstance (L, index);
+  }
+};
+
+
+template <class T>
+struct Stack <T&>
+{
+  typedef StackOpSelector <T&, IsUserdata <T>::value> Helper;
+  typedef typename Helper::ReturnType ReturnType;
+
+  static void push (lua_State* L, T& value)
+  {
+    Helper::push (L, value);
+  }
+
+  static ReturnType get (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return Helper::get (L, index);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class T>
+struct Stack <const T&>
+{
+  typedef StackOpSelector <const T&, IsUserdata <T>::value> Helper;
+  typedef typename Helper::ReturnType ReturnType;
+
+  static void push (lua_State* L, const T& value)
+  {
+    Helper::push (L, value);
+  }
+
+  static ReturnType get (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return Helper::get (L, index);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class T>
+struct Stack <T*>
+{
+  typedef StackOpSelector <T*, IsUserdata <T>::value> Helper;
+  typedef typename Helper::ReturnType ReturnType;
+
+  static void push (lua_State* L, T* value)
+  {
+    Helper::push (L, value);
+  }
+
+  static ReturnType get (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return Helper::get (L, index);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class T>
+struct Stack <const T*>
+{
+  typedef StackOpSelector <const T*, IsUserdata <T>::value> Helper;
+  typedef typename Helper::ReturnType ReturnType;
+
+  static void push (lua_State* L, const T* value)
+  {
+    Helper::push (L, value);
+  }
+
+  static ReturnType get (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return Helper::get (L, index);
+  }
+};
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+ * Push an object onto the Lua stack.
+ */
+template <class T>
+inline void push (lua_State* L, T t)
+{
+  Stack <T>::push (L, t);
+}
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+ * Check whether an object on the Lua stack is of type T.
+ */
+template <class T>
+inline bool isInstance (lua_State* L, int index)
+{
+  return Stack <T>::isInstance (L, index);
+}
+
+} // namespace luabridge

lib/lua/3rd/LuaBridge/detail/TypeList.h

@@ -0,0 +1,218 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/*
+  https://github.com/vinniefalco/LuaBridge
+  
+  Copyright 2012, Vinnie Falco <vinnie.falco@gmail.com>
+  Copyright 2007, Nathan Reed
+
+  License: The MIT License (http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php)
+
+  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+  in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+  to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+  copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+  copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+  OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+  SOFTWARE.
+
+  This file incorporates work covered by the following copyright and
+  permission notice:  
+
+    The Loki Library
+    Copyright (c) 2001 by Andrei Alexandrescu
+    This code accompanies the book:
+    Alexandrescu, Andrei. "Modern C++ Design: Generic Programming and Design 
+        Patterns Applied". Copyright (c) 2001. Addison-Wesley.
+    Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute and sell this software for any 
+        purpose is hereby granted without fee, provided that the above copyright 
+        notice appear in all copies and that both that copyright notice and this 
+        permission notice appear in supporting documentation.
+    The author or Addison-Welsey Longman make no representations about the 
+        suitability of this software for any purpose. It is provided "as is" 
+        without express or implied warranty.
+*/
+//==============================================================================
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <LuaBridge/detail/Config.h>
+#include <LuaBridge/detail/Stack.h>
+
+#include <string>
+#include <typeinfo>
+
+namespace luabridge {
+
+/**
+  None type means void parameters or return value.
+*/
+typedef void None;
+
+template <typename Head, typename Tail = None>
+struct TypeList
+{
+  typedef Tail TailType;
+};
+
+template <class List>
+struct TypeListSize
+{
+  static const size_t value = TypeListSize <typename List::TailType>::value + 1;
+};
+
+template <>
+struct TypeListSize <None>
+{
+  static const size_t value = 0;
+};
+
+#ifdef LUABRIDGE_CXX11
+
+template <class... Params>
+struct MakeTypeList;
+
+template <class Param, class... Params>
+struct MakeTypeList <Param, Params...>
+{
+  using Result = TypeList <Param, typename MakeTypeList <Params...>::Result>;
+};
+
+template <>
+struct MakeTypeList <>
+{
+  using Result = None;
+};
+
+#endif
+
+/**
+  A TypeList with actual values.
+*/
+template <typename List>
+struct TypeListValues
+{
+  static std::string const tostring (bool)
+  {
+    return "";
+  }
+};
+
+/**
+  TypeListValues recursive template definition.
+*/
+template <typename Head, typename Tail>
+struct TypeListValues <TypeList <Head, Tail> >
+{
+  Head hd;
+  TypeListValues <Tail> tl;
+
+  TypeListValues (Head hd_, TypeListValues <Tail> const& tl_)
+    : hd (hd_), tl (tl_)
+  {
+  }
+
+  static std::string tostring (bool comma = false)
+  {
+    std::string s;
+
+    if (comma)
+      s = ", ";
+
+    s = s + typeid (Head).name ();
+
+    return s + TypeListValues <Tail>::tostring (true);
+  }
+};
+
+// Specializations of type/value list for head types that are references and
+// const-references.  We need to handle these specially since we can't count
+// on the referenced object hanging around for the lifetime of the list.
+
+template <typename Head, typename Tail>
+struct TypeListValues <TypeList <Head&, Tail> >
+{
+  Head hd;
+  TypeListValues <Tail> tl;
+
+  TypeListValues (Head& hd_, TypeListValues <Tail> const& tl_)
+    : hd (hd_), tl (tl_)
+  {
+  }
+
+  static std::string const tostring (bool comma = false)
+  {
+    std::string s;
+
+    if (comma)
+      s = ", ";
+
+    s = s + typeid (Head).name () + "&";
+
+    return s + TypeListValues <Tail>::tostring (true);
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename Head, typename Tail>
+struct TypeListValues <TypeList <Head const&, Tail> >
+{
+  Head hd;
+  TypeListValues <Tail> tl;
+
+  TypeListValues (Head const& hd_, const TypeListValues <Tail>& tl_)
+    : hd (hd_), tl (tl_)
+  {
+  }
+
+  static std::string const tostring (bool comma = false)
+  {
+    std::string s;
+
+    if (comma)
+      s = ", ";
+
+    s = s + typeid (Head).name () + " const&";
+
+    return s + TypeListValues <Tail>::tostring (true);
+  }
+};
+
+//==============================================================================
+/**
+  Subclass of a TypeListValues constructable from the Lua stack.
+*/
+
+template <typename List, int Start = 1>
+struct ArgList
+{
+};
+
+template <int Start>
+struct ArgList <None, Start> : public TypeListValues <None>
+{
+  ArgList (lua_State*)
+  {
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename Head, typename Tail, int Start>
+struct ArgList <TypeList <Head, Tail>, Start>
+  : public TypeListValues <TypeList <Head, Tail> >
+{
+  ArgList (lua_State* L)
+    : TypeListValues <TypeList <Head, Tail> > (Stack <Head>::get (L, Start),
+                                            ArgList <Tail, Start + 1> (L))
+  {
+  }
+};
+
+} // namespace luabridge

lib/lua/3rd/LuaBridge/detail/TypeTraits.h

@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/*
+  https://github.com/vinniefalco/LuaBridge
+  
+  Copyright 2019, Dmitry Tarakanov
+  Copyright 2012, Vinnie Falco <vinnie.falco@gmail.com>
+
+  License: The MIT License (http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php)
+
+  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+  in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+  to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+  copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+  copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+  OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+  SOFTWARE.
+*/
+//==============================================================================
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <string>
+
+
+namespace luabridge {
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+    Container traits.
+
+    Unspecialized ContainerTraits has the isNotContainer typedef for SFINAE.
+    All user defined containers must supply an appropriate specialization for
+    ContinerTraits (without the typedef isNotContainer). The containers that
+    come with LuaBridge also come with the appropriate ContainerTraits
+    specialization. See the corresponding declaration for details.
+
+    A specialization of ContainerTraits for some generic type ContainerType
+    looks like this:
+
+        template <class T>
+        struct ContainerTraits <ContainerType <T> >
+        {
+          typedef typename T Type;
+
+          static T* get (ContainerType <T> const& c)
+          {
+            return c.get (); // Implementation-dependent on ContainerType
+          }
+        };
+*/
+template <class T>
+struct ContainerTraits
+{
+  typedef bool isNotContainer;
+  typedef T Type;
+};
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+    Type traits.
+
+    Specializations return information about a type.
+*/
+struct TypeTraits
+{
+  /** Determine if type T is a container.
+
+      To be considered a container, there must be a specialization of
+      ContainerTraits with the required fields.
+  */
+  template <typename T>
+  class isContainer
+  {
+  private:
+    typedef char yes[1]; // sizeof (yes) == 1
+    typedef char no [2]; // sizeof (no)  == 2
+
+    template <typename C>
+    static no& test (typename C::isNotContainer*);
+ 
+    template <typename>
+    static yes& test (...);
+ 
+  public:
+    static const bool value = sizeof (test <ContainerTraits <T> >(0)) == sizeof (yes);
+  };
+
+  /** Determine if T is const qualified.
+  */
+  /** @{ */
+  template <class T>
+  struct isConst
+  {
+    static bool const value = false;
+  };
+
+  template <class T>
+  struct isConst <T const>
+  {
+    static bool const value = true;
+  };
+  /** @} */
+
+  /** Remove the const qualifier from T.
+  */
+  /** @{ */
+  template <class T>
+  struct removeConst
+  {
+    typedef T Type;
+  };
+
+  template <class T>
+  struct removeConst <T const>
+  {
+    typedef T Type;
+  };
+  /**@}*/
+};
+
+
+template <class T>
+struct Stack;
+
+} // namespace luabridge

lib/lua/3rd/LuaBridge/detail/Userdata.h

@@ -0,0 +1,829 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/*
+  https://github.com/vinniefalco/LuaBridge
+
+  Copyright 2019, Dmitry Tarakanov
+  Copyright 2012, Vinnie Falco <vinnie.falco@gmail.com>
+
+  License: The MIT License (http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php)
+
+  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+  in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+  to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+  copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+  copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+  OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+  SOFTWARE.
+*/
+//==============================================================================
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <LuaBridge/detail/ClassInfo.h>
+
+#include <cassert>
+#include <stdexcept>
+
+
+namespace luabridge {
+
+//==============================================================================
+/**
+  Return the identity pointer for our lightuserdata tokens.
+
+  Because of Lua's dynamic typing and our improvised system of imposing C++
+  class structure, there is the possibility that executing scripts may
+  knowingly or unknowingly cause invalid data to get passed to the C functions
+  created by LuaBridge. In particular, our security model addresses the
+  following:
+    1. Scripts cannot create a userdata (ignoring the debug lib).
+    2. Scripts cannot create a lightuserdata (ignoring the debug lib).
+    3. Scripts cannot set the metatable on a userdata.
+*/
+
+/**
+  Interface to a class pointer retrievable from a userdata.
+*/
+class Userdata
+{
+protected:
+  void* m_p; // subclasses must set this
+
+  Userdata() : m_p (0)
+  {	  
+  }
+	
+  //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+    Get an untyped pointer to the contained class.
+  */
+  void* getPointer ()
+  {
+    return m_p;
+  }
+
+private:
+  //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+    Validate and retrieve a Userdata on the stack.
+
+    The Userdata must exactly match the corresponding class table or
+    const table, or else a Lua error is raised. This is used for the
+    __gc metamethod.
+  */
+  static Userdata* getExactClass (lua_State* L, int index, void const* /*classKey*/)
+  {
+    return static_cast <Userdata*> (lua_touserdata (L, lua_absindex (L, index)));
+  }
+
+  //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+    Validate and retrieve a Userdata on the stack.
+
+    The Userdata must be derived from or the same as the given base class,
+    identified by the key. If canBeConst is false, generates an error if
+    the resulting Userdata represents to a const object. We do the type check
+    first so that the error message is informative.
+  */
+  static Userdata* getClass (lua_State* L,
+                             int index,
+                             void const* registryConstKey,
+                             void const* registryClassKey,
+                             bool canBeConst)
+  {
+    index = lua_absindex (L, index);
+
+    lua_getmetatable (L, index); // Stack: object metatable (ot) | nil
+    if (!lua_istable (L, -1))
+    {
+      lua_rawgetp (L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, registryClassKey); // Stack: registry metatable (rt) | nil
+      return throwBadArg (L, index);
+    }
+
+    lua_rawgetp (L, -1, getConstKey ()); // Stack: ot | nil, const table (co) | nil
+    assert (lua_istable (L, -1) || lua_isnil (L, -1));
+
+    // If const table is NOT present, object is const. Use non-const registry table
+    // if object cannot be const, so constness validation is done automatically.
+    // E.g. nonConstFn (constObj)
+    // -> canBeConst = false, isConst = true
+    // -> 'Class' registry table, 'const Class' object table
+    // -> 'expected Class, got const Class' 
+    bool isConst = lua_isnil (L, -1); // Stack: ot | nil, nil, rt
+    if (isConst && canBeConst)
+    {
+      lua_rawgetp (L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, registryConstKey); // Stack: ot, nil, rt
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      lua_rawgetp (L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, registryClassKey); // Stack: ot, co, rt
+    }
+
+    lua_insert (L, -3); // Stack: rt, ot, co | nil
+    lua_pop (L, 1); // Stack: rt, ot
+
+    for (;;)
+    {
+      if (lua_rawequal (L, -1, -2)) // Stack: rt, ot
+      {
+        lua_pop (L, 2); // Stack: -
+        return static_cast <Userdata*> (lua_touserdata (L, index));
+      }
+
+      // Replace current metatable with it's base class.
+      lua_rawgetp (L, -1, getParentKey ()); // Stack: rt, ot, parent ot (pot) | nil
+
+      if (lua_isnil (L, -1)) // Stack: rt, ot, nil
+      {
+        // Drop the object metatable because it may be some parent metatable
+        lua_pop (L, 2); // Stack: rt
+        return throwBadArg (L, index);
+      }
+
+      lua_remove (L, -2); // Stack: rt, pot
+    }
+
+    // no return
+  }
+
+  static bool isInstance (lua_State* L, int index, void const* registryClassKey)
+  {
+    index = lua_absindex (L, index);
+
+    int result = lua_getmetatable (L, index); // Stack: object metatable (ot) | nothing
+    if (result == 0)
+    {
+      return false; // Nothing was pushed on the stack
+    }
+    if (!lua_istable (L, -1))
+    {
+      lua_pop (L, 1); // Stack: -
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    lua_rawgetp (L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, registryClassKey); // Stack: ot, rt
+    lua_insert (L, -2); // Stack: rt, ot
+
+    for (;;)
+    {
+      if (lua_rawequal (L, -1, -2)) // Stack: rt, ot
+      {
+        lua_pop (L, 2); // Stack: -
+        return true;
+      }
+
+      // Replace current metatable with it's base class.
+      lua_rawgetp (L, -1, getParentKey ()); // Stack: rt, ot, parent ot (pot) | nil
+
+      if (lua_isnil (L, -1)) // Stack: rt, ot, nil
+      {
+        lua_pop (L, 3); // Stack: -
+        return false;
+      }
+
+      lua_remove (L, -2); // Stack: rt, pot
+    }
+  }
+
+  static Userdata* throwBadArg (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    assert (lua_istable (L, -1) || lua_isnil (L, -1)); // Stack: rt | nil
+
+    const char* expected = 0;
+    if (lua_isnil (L, -1)) // Stack: nil
+    {
+      expected = "unregistered class";
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      lua_rawgetp (L, -1, getTypeKey ()); // Stack: rt, registry type
+      expected = lua_tostring (L, -1);
+    }
+
+    const char* got = 0;
+    if (lua_isuserdata (L, index))
+    {
+      lua_getmetatable (L, index); // Stack: ..., ot | nil
+      if (lua_istable (L, -1)) // Stack: ..., ot
+      {
+        lua_rawgetp (L, -1, getTypeKey ()); // Stack: ..., ot, object type | nil
+        if (lua_isstring (L, -1))
+        {
+          got = lua_tostring (L, -1);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    if (!got)
+    {
+      got = lua_typename (L, lua_type (L, index));
+    }
+
+    luaL_argerror (L, index, lua_pushfstring (L, "%s expected, got %s", expected, got));
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+public:
+  virtual ~Userdata () { }
+
+  //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+    Returns the Userdata* if the class on the Lua stack matches.
+
+    If the class does not match, a Lua error is raised.
+  */
+  template <class T>
+  static Userdata* getExact (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return getExactClass (L, index, ClassInfo <T>::getClassKey ());
+  }
+
+  //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /**
+    Get a pointer to the class from the Lua stack.
+
+    If the object is not the class or a subclass, or it violates the
+    const-ness, a Lua error is raised.
+  */
+  template <class T>
+  static T* get (lua_State* L, int index, bool canBeConst)
+  {
+    if (lua_isnil (L, index))
+      return 0;
+
+    return static_cast <T*> (getClass (
+      L, index, ClassInfo <T>::getConstKey (),
+      ClassInfo <T>::getClassKey (),
+      canBeConst)->getPointer ());
+  }
+
+  template <class T>
+  static bool isInstance (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return isInstance (L, index, ClassInfo <T>::getClassKey ());
+  }
+};
+
+//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+  Wraps a class object stored in a Lua userdata.
+
+  The lifetime of the object is managed by Lua. The object is constructed
+  inside the userdata using placement new.
+*/
+template <class T>
+class UserdataValue : public Userdata
+{
+private:
+  UserdataValue <T> (UserdataValue <T> const&);
+  UserdataValue <T> operator= (UserdataValue <T> const&);
+
+  char m_storage [sizeof (T)];
+
+private:
+  /**
+    Used for placement construction.
+  */
+  UserdataValue ()
+  {
+    m_p = 0;
+  }
+
+  ~UserdataValue ()
+  {
+    if (getPointer () != 0)
+    {
+      getObject ()->~T ();
+    }
+  }
+
+public:
+  /**
+    Push a T via placement new.
+
+    The caller is responsible for calling placement new using the
+    returned uninitialized storage.
+  */
+  static UserdataValue <T>* place (lua_State* const L)
+  {
+    UserdataValue <T>* const ud = new (
+      lua_newuserdata (L, sizeof (UserdataValue <T>))) UserdataValue <T> ();
+    lua_rawgetp (L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, ClassInfo <T>::getClassKey ());
+    if (!lua_istable (L, -1))
+    {
+      throw std::logic_error ("The class is not registered in LuaBridge");
+    }
+    lua_setmetatable (L, -2);
+    return ud;
+  }
+
+  /**
+    Push T via copy construction from U.
+  */
+  template <class U>
+  static inline void push (lua_State* const L, U const& u)
+  {
+    UserdataValue <T>* ud = place (L);
+    new (ud->getObject ()) U (u);
+    ud->commit ();
+  }
+
+  /**
+    Confirm object construction.
+  */
+  void commit ()
+  {
+    m_p = getObject ();
+  }
+
+  T* getObject ()
+  {
+    // If this fails to compile it means you forgot to provide
+    // a Container specialization for your container!
+    //
+    return reinterpret_cast <T*> (&m_storage [0]);
+  }
+};
+
+//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+  Wraps a pointer to a class object inside a Lua userdata.
+
+  The lifetime of the object is managed by C++.
+*/
+class UserdataPtr : public Userdata
+{
+private:
+  UserdataPtr (UserdataPtr const&);
+  UserdataPtr operator= (UserdataPtr const&);
+
+private:
+  /** Push a pointer to object using metatable key.
+  */
+  static void push (lua_State* L, const void* p, void const* const key)
+  {
+    new (lua_newuserdata (L, sizeof (UserdataPtr))) UserdataPtr (const_cast <void*> (p));
+    lua_rawgetp (L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, key);
+    if (!lua_istable (L, -1))
+    {
+      throw std::logic_error ("The class is not registered in LuaBridge");
+    }
+    lua_setmetatable (L, -2);
+  }
+
+  explicit UserdataPtr (void* const p)
+  {
+    m_p = p;
+
+    // Can't construct with a null pointer!
+    //
+    assert (m_p != 0);
+  }
+
+public:
+  /** Push non-const pointer to object.
+  */
+  template <class T>
+  static void push (lua_State* const L, T* const p)
+  {
+    if (p)
+      push (L, p, ClassInfo <T>::getClassKey ());
+    else
+      lua_pushnil (L);
+  }
+
+  /** Push const pointer to object.
+  */
+  template <class T>
+  static void push (lua_State* const L, T const* const p)
+  {
+    if (p)
+      push (L, p, ClassInfo <T>::getConstKey ());
+    else
+      lua_pushnil (L);
+  }
+};
+
+//============================================================================
+/**
+  Wraps a container that references a class object.
+
+  The template argument C is the container type, ContainerTraits must be
+  specialized on C or else a compile error will result.
+*/
+template <class C>
+class UserdataShared : public Userdata
+{
+private:
+  UserdataShared (UserdataShared <C> const&);
+  UserdataShared <C>& operator= (UserdataShared <C> const&);
+
+  typedef typename TypeTraits::removeConst <
+    typename ContainerTraits <C>::Type>::Type T;
+
+  C m_c;
+
+private:
+  ~UserdataShared ()
+  {
+  }
+
+public:
+  /**
+    Construct from a container to the class or a derived class.
+  */
+  template <class U>
+  explicit UserdataShared (U const& u) : m_c (u)
+  {
+    m_p = const_cast <void*> (reinterpret_cast <void const*> (
+        (ContainerTraits <C>::get (m_c))));
+  }
+
+  /**
+    Construct from a pointer to the class or a derived class.
+  */
+  template <class U>
+  explicit UserdataShared (U* u) : m_c (u)
+  {
+    m_p = const_cast <void*> (reinterpret_cast <void const*> (
+        (ContainerTraits <C>::get (m_c))));
+  }
+};
+
+//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// SFINAE helpers.
+//
+
+// non-const objects
+template <class C, bool makeObjectConst>
+struct UserdataSharedHelper
+{
+  typedef typename TypeTraits::removeConst <
+    typename ContainerTraits <C>::Type>::Type T;
+
+  static void push (lua_State* L, C const& c)
+  {
+    if (ContainerTraits <C>::get (c) != 0)
+    {
+      new (lua_newuserdata (L, sizeof (UserdataShared <C>))) UserdataShared <C> (c);
+      lua_rawgetp (L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, ClassInfo <T>::getClassKey ());
+      // If this goes off it means the class T is unregistered!
+      assert (lua_istable (L, -1));
+      lua_setmetatable (L, -2);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      lua_pushnil (L);
+    }
+  }
+
+  static void push (lua_State* L, T* const t)
+  {
+    if (t)
+    {
+      new (lua_newuserdata (L, sizeof (UserdataShared <C>))) UserdataShared <C> (t);
+      lua_rawgetp (L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, ClassInfo <T>::getClassKey ());
+      // If this goes off it means the class T is unregistered!
+      assert (lua_istable (L, -1));
+      lua_setmetatable (L, -2);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      lua_pushnil (L);
+    }
+  }
+};
+
+// const objects
+template <class C>
+struct UserdataSharedHelper <C, true>
+{
+  typedef typename TypeTraits::removeConst <
+    typename ContainerTraits <C>::Type>::Type T;
+
+  static void push (lua_State* L, C const& c)
+  {
+    if (ContainerTraits <C>::get (c) != 0)
+    {
+      new (lua_newuserdata (L, sizeof (UserdataShared <C>))) UserdataShared <C> (c);
+      lua_rawgetp (L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, ClassInfo <T>::getConstKey ());
+      // If this goes off it means the class T is unregistered!
+      assert (lua_istable (L, -1));
+      lua_setmetatable (L, -2);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      lua_pushnil (L);
+    }
+  }
+
+  static void push (lua_State* L, T* const t)
+  {
+    if (t)
+    {
+      new (lua_newuserdata (L, sizeof (UserdataShared <C>))) UserdataShared <C> (t);
+      lua_rawgetp (L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, ClassInfo <T>::getConstKey ());
+      // If this goes off it means the class T is unregistered!
+      assert (lua_istable (L, -1));
+      lua_setmetatable (L, -2);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      lua_pushnil (L);
+    }
+  }
+};
+
+/**
+  Pass by container.
+
+  The container controls the object lifetime. Typically this will be a
+  lifetime shared by C++ and Lua using a reference count. Because of type
+  erasure, containers like std::shared_ptr will not work. Containers must
+  either be of the intrusive variety, or in the style of the RefCountedPtr
+  type provided by LuaBridge (that uses a global hash table).
+*/
+template <class C, bool byContainer>
+struct StackHelper
+{
+  static void push (lua_State* L, C const& c)
+  {
+    UserdataSharedHelper <C,
+      TypeTraits::isConst <typename ContainerTraits <C>::Type>::value>::push (L, c);
+  }
+
+  typedef typename TypeTraits::removeConst <
+    typename ContainerTraits <C>::Type>::Type T;
+
+  static C get (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return Userdata::get <T> (L, index, true);
+  }
+};
+
+/**
+  Pass by value.
+
+  Lifetime is managed by Lua. A C++ function which accesses a pointer or
+  reference to an object outside the activation record in which it was
+  retrieved may result in undefined behavior if Lua garbage collected it.
+*/
+template <class T>
+struct StackHelper <T, false>
+{
+  static inline void push (lua_State* L, T const& t)
+  {
+    UserdataValue <T>::push (L, t);
+  }
+
+  static inline T const& get (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return *Userdata::get <T> (L, index, true);
+  }
+};
+
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+  Lua stack conversions for pointers and references to class objects.
+
+  Lifetime is managed by C++. Lua code which remembers a reference to the
+  value may result in undefined behavior if C++ destroys the object. The
+  handling of the const and volatile qualifiers happens in UserdataPtr.
+*/
+
+template <class C, bool byContainer>
+struct RefStackHelper
+{
+  typedef C return_type;
+
+  static inline void push (lua_State* L, C const& t)
+  {
+    UserdataSharedHelper <C,
+      TypeTraits::isConst <typename ContainerTraits <C>::Type>::value>::push (L, t);
+  }
+
+  typedef typename TypeTraits::removeConst <
+    typename ContainerTraits <C>::Type>::Type T;
+
+  static return_type get (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return Userdata::get <T> (L, index, true);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class T>
+struct RefStackHelper <T, false>
+{
+  typedef T& return_type;
+
+  static void push (lua_State* L, T const& t)
+  {
+    UserdataPtr::push (L, &t);
+  }
+
+  static return_type get (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    T* t = Userdata::get <T> (L, index, true);
+
+    if (!t)
+      luaL_error (L, "nil passed to reference");
+    return *t;
+  }
+};
+
+
+/**
+ * Voider class template. Used to force a comiler to instantiate
+ * an otherwise probably unused template parameter type T.
+ * See the C++20 std::void_t <> for details.
+ */
+template <class T>
+struct Void
+{
+  typedef void Type;
+};
+
+
+/**
+ * Trait class that selects whether to return a user registered
+ * class object by value or by reference.
+ */
+
+template <class T, class Enabler = void>
+struct UserdataGetter
+{
+  typedef T* ReturnType;
+
+  static ReturnType get (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return Userdata::get <T> (L, index, false);
+  }
+};
+
+template <class T>
+struct UserdataGetter <T, typename Void <T (*) ()>::Type>
+{
+  typedef T ReturnType;
+
+  static ReturnType get (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return StackHelper <T, TypeTraits::isContainer <T>::value>::get (L, index);
+  }
+};
+
+//==============================================================================
+
+/**
+  Lua stack conversions for class objects passed by value.
+*/
+template <class T>
+struct Stack
+{
+  typedef void IsUserdata;
+
+  typedef UserdataGetter <T> Getter;
+  typedef typename Getter::ReturnType ReturnType;
+
+  static void push (lua_State* L, T const& value)
+  {
+    StackHelper <T, TypeTraits::isContainer <T>::value>::push (L, value);
+  }
+
+  static ReturnType get (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return Getter::get (L, index);
+  }
+
+  static bool isInstance (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return Userdata::isInstance <T> (L, index);
+  }
+};
+
+
+/**
+ * Trait class indicating whether the parameter type must be
+ * a user registered class. The trait checks the existence of
+ * member type Stack <T>::IsUserdata specialization for detection.
+ */
+template <class T, class Enable = void>
+struct IsUserdata
+{
+  static const bool value = false;
+};
+
+template <class T>
+struct IsUserdata <T, typename Void <typename Stack <T>::IsUserdata>::Type>
+{
+  static const bool value = true;
+};
+
+
+/**
+ * Trait class that selects a specific push/get implemenation.
+ */
+template <class T, bool isUserdata>
+struct StackOpSelector;
+
+// pointer
+template <class T>
+struct StackOpSelector <T*, true>
+{
+  typedef T* ReturnType;
+
+  static void push (lua_State* L, T* value)
+  {
+    UserdataPtr::push (L, value);
+  }
+
+  static T* get (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return Userdata::get <T> (L, index, false);
+  }
+
+  static bool isInstance (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return Userdata::isInstance <T> (L, index);
+  }
+};
+
+// pointer to const
+template <class T>
+struct StackOpSelector <const T*, true>
+{
+  typedef const T* ReturnType;
+
+  static void push (lua_State* L, const T* value)
+  {
+    UserdataPtr::push (L, value);
+  }
+
+  static const T* get (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return Userdata::get <T> (L, index, true);
+  }
+
+  static bool isInstance (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return Userdata::isInstance <T> (L, index);
+  }
+};
+
+// reference
+template <class T>
+struct StackOpSelector <T&, true>
+{
+  typedef RefStackHelper <T, TypeTraits::isContainer <T>::value> Helper;
+  typedef typename Helper::return_type ReturnType;
+
+  static void push (lua_State* L, T& value)
+  {
+    UserdataPtr::push (L, &value);
+  }
+
+  static ReturnType get (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return Helper::get (L, index);
+  }
+
+  static bool isInstance (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return Userdata::isInstance <T> (L, index);
+  }
+};
+
+// reference to const
+template <class T>
+struct StackOpSelector <const T&, true>
+{
+  typedef RefStackHelper <T, TypeTraits::isContainer <T>::value> Helper;
+  typedef typename Helper::return_type ReturnType;
+
+  static void push (lua_State* L, const T& value)
+  {
+    Helper::push (L, value);
+  }
+
+  static ReturnType get (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return Helper::get (L, index);
+  }
+
+  static bool isInstance (lua_State* L, int index)
+  {
+    return Userdata::isInstance <T> (L, index);
+  }
+};
+
+} // namespace luabridge

lib/lua/3rd/LuaBridge/detail/dump.h

@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+//==============================================================================
+/*
+  https://github.com/vinniefalco/LuaBridge
+
+  Copyright 2019, Dmitry Tarakanov
+  Copyright 2012, Vinnie Falco <vinnie.falco@gmail.com>
+  Copyright 2007, Nathan Reed
+
+  License: The MIT License (http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php)
+
+  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+  in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+  to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+  copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+  copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+  OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+  SOFTWARE.
+*/
+//==============================================================================
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "LuaBridge/detail/ClassInfo.h"
+
+#include <iostream>
+#include <string>
+
+
+namespace luabridge {
+namespace debug {
+
+inline void putIndent (std::ostream& stream, unsigned level)
+{
+  for (unsigned i = 0; i < level; ++i)
+  {
+    stream << "  ";
+  }
+}
+
+inline void dumpTable (lua_State* L, int index, std::ostream& stream, unsigned level);
+
+inline void dumpValue (lua_State* L, int index, std::ostream& stream, unsigned level = 0)
+{
+  const int type = lua_type (L, index);
+  switch (type)
+  {
+  case LUA_TNIL:
+    stream << "nil";
+    break;
+
+  case LUA_TBOOLEAN:
+    stream << (lua_toboolean (L, index) ? "true" : "false");
+    break;
+
+  case LUA_TNUMBER:
+    stream << lua_tonumber (L, index);
+    break;
+
+  case LUA_TSTRING:
+    stream << '"' << lua_tostring (L, index) << '"';
+    break;
+
+  case LUA_TFUNCTION:
+    if (lua_iscfunction (L, index))
+    {
+      stream << "cfunction@" << lua_topointer (L, index);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      stream << "function@" << lua_topointer (L, index);
+    }
+    break;
+
+  case LUA_TTHREAD:
+    stream << "thread@" << lua_tothread (L, index);
+    break;
+
+  case LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA:
+    stream << "lightuserdata@" << lua_touserdata (L, index);
+    break;
+
+  case LUA_TTABLE:
+    dumpTable (L, index, stream, level);
+    break;
+
+  case LUA_TUSERDATA:
+    stream << "userdata@" << lua_touserdata (L, index);
+    break;
+
+  default:
+    stream << lua_typename (L, type);;
+    break;
+  }
+}
+
+inline void dumpTable (lua_State* L, int index, std::ostream& stream, unsigned level)
+{
+  stream << "table@" << lua_topointer (L, index);
+
+  if (level > 0)
+  {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  index = lua_absindex (L, index);
+  stream << " {";
+  lua_pushnil (L); // Initial key
+  while (lua_next (L, index))
+  {
+    stream << "\n";
+    putIndent (stream, level + 1);
+    dumpValue (L, -2, stream, level + 1); // Key
+    stream << ": ";
+    dumpValue (L, -1, stream, level + 1); // Value
+    lua_pop (L, 1); // Value
+  }
+  putIndent (stream, level);
+  stream << "\n}";
+}
+
+inline void dumpState (lua_State *L, std::ostream& stream = std::cerr)
+{
+  int top = lua_gettop (L);
+  for (int i = 1; i <= top; ++i)
+  {
+    stream << "stack #" << i << ": ";
+    dumpValue (L, i, stream, 0);
+    stream << "\n";
+  }
+}
+
+} // namespace debug
+} // namespace luabridge

lib/lua/piluaprogram.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/*
+	PIP - Platform Independent Primitives
+	PILuaProgram
+	Andrey Bychkov work.a.b@yandex.ru
+
+	This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+	it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+	the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+	(at your option) any later version.
+
+	This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+	but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+	MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+	GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+
+	You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+	along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+#include "piluaprogram.h"
+
+
+PRIVATE_DEFINITION_START(PILuaProgram)
+	lua_State * lua_state;
+PRIVATE_DEFINITION_END(PILuaProgram)
+
+
+PILuaProgram::PILuaProgram() {
+	PRIVATE->lua_state = luaL_newstate();
+	luaL_openlibs(PRIVATE->lua_state);
+}
+
+
+bool PILuaProgram::load(const PIString & script) {
+	int ret = luaL_dostring(PRIVATE->lua_state, script.dataUTF8());
+	if (ret != 0) return false;
+	return true;
+}
+
+
+bool PILuaProgram::prepare() {
+	return (lua_pcall(PRIVATE->lua_state, 0, 0, 0) == 0);
+}
+
+
+luabridge::LuaRef PILuaProgram::getGlobal(const PIString & name) {
+	return luabridge::getGlobal(PRIVATE->lua_state, name.dataUTF8());
+}
+
+
+luabridge::Namespace PILuaProgram::getGlobalNamespace() {
+	return luabridge::getGlobalNamespace(PRIVATE->lua_state);
+}
+

lib/main/lua/piluaprogram.h

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/*! \file piluaprogram.h
+ * \brief Lua Program
+*/
+/*
+	PIP - Platform Independent Primitives
+	PILuaProgram
+	Andrey Bychkov work.a.b@yandex.ru
+
+	This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+	it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+	the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+	(at your option) any later version.
+
+	This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+	but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+	MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+	GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+
+	You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+	along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+#ifndef PILUAPROGRAM_H
+#define PILUAPROGRAM_H
+
+#include "pip_lua.h"
+
+class PILuaProgram
+{
+public:
+	//! Constructs an empty PILuaProgram, initialize Lua context
+	PILuaProgram();
+
+	//! Load Lua script from PIString
+	bool load(const PIString & script);
+
+	//! Execute script
+	bool prepare();
+
+	//! Get Lua Object or Function
+	luabridge::LuaRef getGlobal(const PIString & name);
+
+	//! Return Lua global namespace
+	luabridge::Namespace getGlobalNamespace();
+
+private:
+	PRIVATE_DECLARATION
+};
+
+#endif // PILUAPROGRAM_H

lib/main/lua/pip_lua.h

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/*! \file pip_lua.h
+ * \brief PIP Lua bindings
+ *
+ * This file declare conversions for PIP types via LuaBridge
+*/
+/*
+	PIP - Platform Independent Primitives
+	PIP Lua bindings
+	Andrey Bychkov work.a.b@yandex.ru
+
+	This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+	it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+	the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+	(at your option) any later version.
+
+	This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+	but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+	MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+	GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+
+	You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+	along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+#ifndef PIP_LUA_H
+#define PIP_LUA_H
+
+extern "C" {
+# include "lua.h"
+# include "lauxlib.h"
+# include "lualib.h"
+}
+#include <LuaBridge/LuaBridge.h>
+#include "pistring.h"
+
+namespace luabridge {
+
+template <>
+struct Stack <PIString> {
+	static void push (lua_State* L, PIString const& str) {
+		lua_pushstring(L, str.dataUTF8());
+	}
+
+	static PIString get (lua_State* L, int index) {
+		if (lua_type(L, index) == LUA_TSTRING) {
+			const char* str = lua_tostring(L, index);
+			return PIString::fromUTF8(str);
+		}
+
+		lua_pushvalue(L, index);
+		const char* str = lua_tostring(L, -1);
+		PIString string  = PIString::fromUTF8(str);
+		lua_pop(L, 1);
+		return string;
+	}
+
+	static bool isInstance (lua_State* L, int index) {
+		return lua_type(L, index) == LUA_TSTRING;
+	}
+};
+
+}
+#endif // PIP_LUA_H

main.cpp

@@ -1,13 +1,32 @@
 #include "pip.h"
-#include <fcntl.h>
+#ifdef PIP_LUA
-#include <unistd.h>
+#include "piluaprogram.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
 
-class A : public PIObject {
+static const char * script
-public:
+= "-- script.lua \n"
-	void test() {piCout << "test";}
+  "test()\n"
-};
+  "testString = \"LuaBridge works ававава!\" \n"
+  "number = 42 \n";
 
-int main(int argc, char * argv[]) {
+
+void test() {
+	piCout << "C function test";
+}
+
+int main() {
+	PILuaProgram p;
+	p.getGlobalNamespace().addFunction("test", test);
+	if (!p.load(PIString::fromUTF8(script))) piCout << "error";
+	p.prepare();
+	luabridge::LuaRef s = p.getGlobal("testString");
+	luabridge::LuaRef n = p.getGlobal("number");
+	PIString luaString = s.cast<PIString>();
+	int answer = n.cast<int>();
+	piCout << luaString;
+	piCout << "And here's our number:" << answer;
+}
+#else
+int main() {
 	return 0;
 }
+#endif